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<p>This study investigated the cognitive benefits of <i>Oenothera biennis L.</i> (evening primrose) leaf (EPL) ethanolic extract in 5xFAD mice, a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Starting at two months of age, mice orally received EPL extract (100 or 200&#xa0;mg/kg BW per administration), three times per week for 14&#xa0;weeks. Cognitive performance was assessed using the passive avoidance, Morris water maze, and Y-maze tasks. EPL-treated mice showed significant improvements in associative and spatial learning and memory, although working memory was unaffected. EPL also reduced plasma levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and nitric oxide, and suppressed <i>TNFα</i>, <i>interleukin-6</i> mRNA, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the brain. Histological analysis revealed reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation in AD-vulnerable hippocampal regions. These results suggest that chronic EPL supplementation may alleviate neuroinflammation and Aβ burden while enhancing cognitive function, highlighting its potential as a natural dietary intervention for AD prevention or management.</p>

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Oral administration of evening primrose leaf extract improves cognitive impairment in 5xFAD transgenic mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Yoonsu Kim,
  • Minjung Cho,
  • Yunju Woo,
  • Jihyeon Park,
  • Ji Sun Lim,
  • Jeong Soon Lee,
  • Jisun Oh

摘要

This study investigated the cognitive benefits of Oenothera biennis L. (evening primrose) leaf (EPL) ethanolic extract in 5xFAD mice, a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Starting at two months of age, mice orally received EPL extract (100 or 200 mg/kg BW per administration), three times per week for 14 weeks. Cognitive performance was assessed using the passive avoidance, Morris water maze, and Y-maze tasks. EPL-treated mice showed significant improvements in associative and spatial learning and memory, although working memory was unaffected. EPL also reduced plasma levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and nitric oxide, and suppressed TNFα, interleukin-6 mRNA, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the brain. Histological analysis revealed reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation in AD-vulnerable hippocampal regions. These results suggest that chronic EPL supplementation may alleviate neuroinflammation and Aβ burden while enhancing cognitive function, highlighting its potential as a natural dietary intervention for AD prevention or management.