<p>The increase in extreme rainfall events necessitates a comprehensive understanding of how subsurface soil moisture distribution influences matric suction. To address this issue, an enhanced one-dimensional soil column test model was developed to analyze the specific effects of rainfall intensity on soil moisture dynamics. The model evaluates the impact of varying rainfall intensities and antecedent intermittent rainfall patterns on the soil moisture field. Under rainfall conditions, volumetric water content initially increases from the soil surface downward as the wetting front advances. Subsequently, complete saturation develops from the column base upward. High rainfall intensities accelerate the saturation process in shallow and middle soil layers. Simulation outcomes using the one-dimensional soil column model reveal that antecedent intermittent rainfall patterns predominantly affect soil moisture content, matric suction, and infiltration rate within the attenuation zone. The influence of these patterns diminishes with increasing rainfall intensity, accompanied by a decrease in hysteresis effects in response to rainfall events and groundwater table fluctuations. The combination of increasing rainfall intensity, diminishing antecedent pattern effects, and reduced hysteresis leads to a continuous decline in matric suction. A revised predictive model for wetting front migration was proposed, eliminating the reliance on the full-saturation assumption. Quantitatively, the model predictions deviate from experimental data by a maximum of 6% and from numerical simulations by 8.5%. The model is validated for sandy soils, confirming its reliability.</p>