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<p>To systematically investigate the influence of fracture structure parameters on the mechanical properties and failure modes of rock, natural red sandstone specimens with prefabricated single and double fractures of varying inclination angles and lengths were prepared. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted to determine mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus, peak strain, and compressive strength. The deterioration effects of fracture inclination, fracture length, and rock bridge parameters on the mechanical behavior of rock were analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) For single-fracture specimens, the strength is the lowest and the deterioration is most severe when the fracture inclination is 30°. For double-fracture specimens, the strength is the lowest when the rock bridge inclination is 60°, indicating higher vulnerability to failure. The deterioration effect is minimal when the fracture or rock bridge inclination is 90°. (2) Increasing fracture length significantly reduces the strength of single-fracture rock, whereas increasing rock bridge length in double-fracture rock retards strength degradation and enhances stability. This study reveals the coupled influence mechanism of fracture structure parameters on rock mechanical performance, providing a theoretical basis for stability assessment of fractured rock mass engineering and geological hazard prevention.</p>

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Experimental study on the effect of fracture structure on the mechanical properties of rocks in uniaxial compression

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Na Zhao,
  • Yu Wen,
  • Laigui Wang,
  • Meng Lixin

摘要

To systematically investigate the influence of fracture structure parameters on the mechanical properties and failure modes of rock, natural red sandstone specimens with prefabricated single and double fractures of varying inclination angles and lengths were prepared. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted to determine mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus, peak strain, and compressive strength. The deterioration effects of fracture inclination, fracture length, and rock bridge parameters on the mechanical behavior of rock were analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) For single-fracture specimens, the strength is the lowest and the deterioration is most severe when the fracture inclination is 30°. For double-fracture specimens, the strength is the lowest when the rock bridge inclination is 60°, indicating higher vulnerability to failure. The deterioration effect is minimal when the fracture or rock bridge inclination is 90°. (2) Increasing fracture length significantly reduces the strength of single-fracture rock, whereas increasing rock bridge length in double-fracture rock retards strength degradation and enhances stability. This study reveals the coupled influence mechanism of fracture structure parameters on rock mechanical performance, providing a theoretical basis for stability assessment of fractured rock mass engineering and geological hazard prevention.