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<p>Weakly cemented sandstone has special physical and mechanical properties. Its poor cementation and low strength can easily cause water inrush disaster in mines. Addressing the water seepage issue in weakly cemented sandstone roof at the Ningtiaota mine, this research proposes a coupled simulation method for seepage-damage-microseismic response. The method reproduces the complete mechanical processes of roof seepage, damage and seismic wave propagation induced by coal mining. Based on field monitoring data, the evolution law of roof seepage-damage and microseismic wavefield response are revealed and validated. The seepage-damage responses show that the water seepage in mining face roof is mainly affected by the high fluid pressure zone 2 and the saddle-shaped failure pattern, which overlap with each other to form a water inrush hazard zone within the roof. Rock failures in water inrush hazard zone are accompanied by significant stress drop phenomena, primarily dominated by <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma _{zz}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma _{yy}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma _{yz}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The wavefield responses show that in the direction of the maximum principal stress during rock failure, the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_f\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> wave (fast P wave) exhibits higher amplitude and the S wave exhibits lower amplitude. Away from this direction, the <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_f\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> wave amplitude decreases gradually and the S wave amplitude increases gradually. This study provides a theoretical basis and methodological path for water inrush monitoring and early warning in weakly cemented roof.</p>

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Numerical and field investigations of seepage-damage-microseismic response induced by mining in the weakly cemented sandstone roof

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Tiezhu Li,
  • Qi Zhang,
  • Jing Zheng,
  • Suping Peng

摘要

Weakly cemented sandstone has special physical and mechanical properties. Its poor cementation and low strength can easily cause water inrush disaster in mines. Addressing the water seepage issue in weakly cemented sandstone roof at the Ningtiaota mine, this research proposes a coupled simulation method for seepage-damage-microseismic response. The method reproduces the complete mechanical processes of roof seepage, damage and seismic wave propagation induced by coal mining. Based on field monitoring data, the evolution law of roof seepage-damage and microseismic wavefield response are revealed and validated. The seepage-damage responses show that the water seepage in mining face roof is mainly affected by the high fluid pressure zone 2 and the saddle-shaped failure pattern, which overlap with each other to form a water inrush hazard zone within the roof. Rock failures in water inrush hazard zone are accompanied by significant stress drop phenomena, primarily dominated by \(\sigma _{zz}\) , \(\sigma _{yy}\) , and \(\sigma _{yz}\) . The wavefield responses show that in the direction of the maximum principal stress during rock failure, the \(P_f\) wave (fast P wave) exhibits higher amplitude and the S wave exhibits lower amplitude. Away from this direction, the \(P_f\) wave amplitude decreases gradually and the S wave amplitude increases gradually. This study provides a theoretical basis and methodological path for water inrush monitoring and early warning in weakly cemented roof.