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<p>In open-pit mining, slope rock masses are subjected not only to periodic disturbances such as blasting vibrations and traffic-induced loads, but also to rainfall-driven wetting–drying cycles. To investigate this coupled environmental deterioration and cyclic disturbance, multistage triaxial cyclic loading–unloading tests under variable confining pressures (0, 1, 2, 3, and 5&#xa0;MPa) were conducted on dolomite specimens subjected to 0, 1, 5, 10, and 30 wetting–drying cycles. The damage mechanism was examined from the perspectives of strength–deformation behavior and energy partitioning. The results show that staged cyclic loading–unloading with a low upper stress limit produces a pronounced compaction–hardening effect, increasing the compressive strength of dolomite by 11.06%–11.73%. With increasing wetting–drying cycles, peak strength and elastic modulus generally decrease, whereas Poisson’s ratio and residual strain increase continuously. Notably, Poisson’s ratio increases by 14.88% in the early stage (0–10 cycles) and by only 3.64% in the later stage. Confining pressure significantly restrains deformation and damage and enhances peak strength; after 30 wetting–drying cycles, the maximum strength increase reaches 15.4% at 5&#xa0;MPa. Energy analysis indicates that total energy and elastic energy decrease nonlinearly with wetting–drying cycles, whereas dissipated energy increases nonlinearly; in contrast, energy increase approximately linearly with confining pressure. The energy-based damage variable further reveals that wetting–drying cycles contribute much more to cumulative damage than confining pressure; after 30 cycles, the stage-wise damage variable at 1&#xa0;MPa is lower than that at 0&#xa0;MPa.</p>

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Failure behavior and energy-evolution processes of dolomite after wetting-drying under cyclic loading-unloading with variable confining pressure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Xinqi Yang,
  • Yunmin Wang,
  • Qihang Li,
  • Guoqing Hou,
  • Xiaoshuang Li,
  • Menglai Wang,
  • Jiantao Pang,
  • Yanhong Xie

摘要

In open-pit mining, slope rock masses are subjected not only to periodic disturbances such as blasting vibrations and traffic-induced loads, but also to rainfall-driven wetting–drying cycles. To investigate this coupled environmental deterioration and cyclic disturbance, multistage triaxial cyclic loading–unloading tests under variable confining pressures (0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 MPa) were conducted on dolomite specimens subjected to 0, 1, 5, 10, and 30 wetting–drying cycles. The damage mechanism was examined from the perspectives of strength–deformation behavior and energy partitioning. The results show that staged cyclic loading–unloading with a low upper stress limit produces a pronounced compaction–hardening effect, increasing the compressive strength of dolomite by 11.06%–11.73%. With increasing wetting–drying cycles, peak strength and elastic modulus generally decrease, whereas Poisson’s ratio and residual strain increase continuously. Notably, Poisson’s ratio increases by 14.88% in the early stage (0–10 cycles) and by only 3.64% in the later stage. Confining pressure significantly restrains deformation and damage and enhances peak strength; after 30 wetting–drying cycles, the maximum strength increase reaches 15.4% at 5 MPa. Energy analysis indicates that total energy and elastic energy decrease nonlinearly with wetting–drying cycles, whereas dissipated energy increases nonlinearly; in contrast, energy increase approximately linearly with confining pressure. The energy-based damage variable further reveals that wetting–drying cycles contribute much more to cumulative damage than confining pressure; after 30 cycles, the stage-wise damage variable at 1 MPa is lower than that at 0 MPa.