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<p>The layout of rippers is critical to mitigating wear on earth pressure balance (EPB) shields in sandy pebble strata; however, minimal research has examined ripper layout. This study selected two adjacent sections of Beijing Subway Line 19 as case studies to characterize wear patterns induced by varying ripper layout. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) was subsequently applied to evaluate the force performance of the EPB cutterhead and ripper under distinct height difference layout. Results indicate that a larger height difference between rippers can effectively reduce wear on the lower ripper by ensuring it engages with the soil loosened by the upper ripper. Additionally, the use of arc-edge cutterheads significantly reduces gauge ripper wear compared to flat-edge cutterheads. Furthermore, a larger height difference between rippers can contribute to reduced scraper wear. These findings offer valuable insights to optimize EPB cutter layout, enabling both efficient and cost-effective shield tunneling in challenging geological conditions.</p>

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Impact of cutter layout on cutter wear during shield tunneling in sand-pebble strata: case study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Zhiyong Yang,
  • Zhe Liu,
  • Xiaokang Shao,
  • Yusheng Jiang,
  • Zihao Qi,
  • Wufu Cao,
  • Dingtao Kou

摘要

The layout of rippers is critical to mitigating wear on earth pressure balance (EPB) shields in sandy pebble strata; however, minimal research has examined ripper layout. This study selected two adjacent sections of Beijing Subway Line 19 as case studies to characterize wear patterns induced by varying ripper layout. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) was subsequently applied to evaluate the force performance of the EPB cutterhead and ripper under distinct height difference layout. Results indicate that a larger height difference between rippers can effectively reduce wear on the lower ripper by ensuring it engages with the soil loosened by the upper ripper. Additionally, the use of arc-edge cutterheads significantly reduces gauge ripper wear compared to flat-edge cutterheads. Furthermore, a larger height difference between rippers can contribute to reduced scraper wear. These findings offer valuable insights to optimize EPB cutter layout, enabling both efficient and cost-effective shield tunneling in challenging geological conditions.