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<p>To investigate the deformation behavior and shear strength characteristics of sediments in the water level fluctuation zone during reservoir operation, a novel indoor physical and mechanical experimental system (PMES) was designed and developed, with its performance validated through verification experiments. The system integrates a three-dimensional independent pressure control module and a wetting-drying simulation function, enabling accurate replication of complex stress conditions induced by fluctuating reservoir water levels. Test results show that under combined slope stress and wetting-drying cycles, sediment compressive modulus decreases significantly in the first cycle and gradually stabilizes. Shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal friction angle) exhibit an initial sharp decline followed by stabilization. After 16 dry-wet cycles, cohesion and internal friction angle decreased by 39.86% and 48.14%, respectively, while the cumulative particle loss rate reached 9.04%. Pore structure analysis reveals that porosity increases rapidly during the early stages of cycling and subsequently stabilizes. Following 16 cycles, porosity showed a significant increase, and pore connectivity rose from an initial 22.47% to 41.93%. A strong correlation was observed between porosity evolution and shear strength degradation. Analysis suggests that clogging effects may overestimate particle retention stability when sieve size approaches soil particle diameter. This study presents a new experimental approach for understanding the deformation and failure mechanisms of sediment slopes under fluctuating reservoir conditions, offering a scientific foundation for optimizing experimental methodologies and enhancing the quantitative accuracy of sediment mechanical behavior under wetting-drying cycles.</p>

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A novel indoor physical-mechanical experimental system for the sediment of water-level-fluctuation zone during the reservoir operation period

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Zhenhua Zhang,
  • Jiaqiang Yang,
  • Zhidan Liu,
  • Mingliang Chen,
  • Banglu Xi

摘要

To investigate the deformation behavior and shear strength characteristics of sediments in the water level fluctuation zone during reservoir operation, a novel indoor physical and mechanical experimental system (PMES) was designed and developed, with its performance validated through verification experiments. The system integrates a three-dimensional independent pressure control module and a wetting-drying simulation function, enabling accurate replication of complex stress conditions induced by fluctuating reservoir water levels. Test results show that under combined slope stress and wetting-drying cycles, sediment compressive modulus decreases significantly in the first cycle and gradually stabilizes. Shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal friction angle) exhibit an initial sharp decline followed by stabilization. After 16 dry-wet cycles, cohesion and internal friction angle decreased by 39.86% and 48.14%, respectively, while the cumulative particle loss rate reached 9.04%. Pore structure analysis reveals that porosity increases rapidly during the early stages of cycling and subsequently stabilizes. Following 16 cycles, porosity showed a significant increase, and pore connectivity rose from an initial 22.47% to 41.93%. A strong correlation was observed between porosity evolution and shear strength degradation. Analysis suggests that clogging effects may overestimate particle retention stability when sieve size approaches soil particle diameter. This study presents a new experimental approach for understanding the deformation and failure mechanisms of sediment slopes under fluctuating reservoir conditions, offering a scientific foundation for optimizing experimental methodologies and enhancing the quantitative accuracy of sediment mechanical behavior under wetting-drying cycles.