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<p>This study used green low-carbon biopolymer composite (Xanthan Gum (XG), Guar Gum (GUG) and Gellan Gum (GG)) as solidified agents for red clay. To elucidate the effects of compound solidified agents (mixtures of XG, GUG, and GG in varying proportions) with single solidified agents (XG, GUG, and GG added individually) on mechanical properties, microstructural changes, and solidification mechanism. The results show that the stress-strain of XG-4 and GUG-4 is a trend of hardening then softening. The stress-strain curves of the compound solidified agents show strain hardening except for A-8 and A-9. When the strain reaches 15%, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of A-1 is 219.78&#xa0;kPa, while the GUG-4 exhibits a strength of 236.02&#xa0;kPa. The A-1 shows excellent healing properties in the crack resistance test. No new mineral phase is formed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicates that the addition of biopolymers enhances the interaction between Si-O groups and hydrogen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observes that biopolymers formed a dense network structure. The biopolymer composite solidified agents not only reinforce red clay but also serves as a substitute for traditional cement-based solidified agents, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions. Its biodegradability further benefits environmental protection.</p>

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Green low-carbon biopolymer composite solidified agent for red clay: mechanical properties, microstructure, and solidification mechanism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Lijie Chen,
  • Yu Cheng,
  • Xiao Wang,
  • Qingyang Deng,
  • Dehong Jiang,
  • He Wang

摘要

This study used green low-carbon biopolymer composite (Xanthan Gum (XG), Guar Gum (GUG) and Gellan Gum (GG)) as solidified agents for red clay. To elucidate the effects of compound solidified agents (mixtures of XG, GUG, and GG in varying proportions) with single solidified agents (XG, GUG, and GG added individually) on mechanical properties, microstructural changes, and solidification mechanism. The results show that the stress-strain of XG-4 and GUG-4 is a trend of hardening then softening. The stress-strain curves of the compound solidified agents show strain hardening except for A-8 and A-9. When the strain reaches 15%, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of A-1 is 219.78 kPa, while the GUG-4 exhibits a strength of 236.02 kPa. The A-1 shows excellent healing properties in the crack resistance test. No new mineral phase is formed in the X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicates that the addition of biopolymers enhances the interaction between Si-O groups and hydrogen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observes that biopolymers formed a dense network structure. The biopolymer composite solidified agents not only reinforce red clay but also serves as a substitute for traditional cement-based solidified agents, contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions. Its biodegradability further benefits environmental protection.