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<p>Loess is generally unsuitable as a landfill cover material because of its loose structure, high porosity, and poor cohesion. This study investigated whether a waste water-based drilling geopolymer (WWDG) can reduce loess gas permeability (GP) by hardening the soil. Triaxial GP tests were performed to quantify the effects of WWDG content (<i>ω</i><sub>a</sub>), confining pressure (<i>p)</i>, water content (<i>ω</i>), and dry density (<i>ρ</i><sub>d</sub>) on GP. The findings inform strategies for waste reutilization and loess improvement. Microstructural and compositional changes in WWDG-improved loess were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The study further clarified the curing mechanism of the WWDG-improveed loess. Results showed that the distribution of GP coefficients narrowed under the combined influence of the tested factors. <i>ω</i><sub>a</sub> had the greatest impact on GP. Increasing <i>ω</i><sub>a</sub>, <i>p</i>, <i>ω</i>, and <i>ρ</i><sub>d</sub> decreased the GP coefficients by 93.15%, 90.68%, 83.50%, and 85.48%, respectively. As <i>ω</i><sub>a</sub> increased, clay mineral content in the loess first increased and then decreased, whereas the feldspar content followed the opposite trend. WWDG filled loess pores, altered pore structure, and reduced porosity, thereby producing a more stable soil framework. Overall, WWDG shows potential for improving the engineering performance of the loess.</p>

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Investigation on the role of waste water-based drilling geopolymer in improving the properties of loess: an experimental insight

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Zihan Ai,
  • Xingang Wang,
  • Daozheng Wang,
  • Kai Liu,
  • Zhongshao Yao,
  • Chaoying Gu,
  • Jinyu Li

摘要

Loess is generally unsuitable as a landfill cover material because of its loose structure, high porosity, and poor cohesion. This study investigated whether a waste water-based drilling geopolymer (WWDG) can reduce loess gas permeability (GP) by hardening the soil. Triaxial GP tests were performed to quantify the effects of WWDG content (ωa), confining pressure (p), water content (ω), and dry density (ρd) on GP. The findings inform strategies for waste reutilization and loess improvement. Microstructural and compositional changes in WWDG-improved loess were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The study further clarified the curing mechanism of the WWDG-improveed loess. Results showed that the distribution of GP coefficients narrowed under the combined influence of the tested factors. ωa had the greatest impact on GP. Increasing ωa, p, ω, and ρd decreased the GP coefficients by 93.15%, 90.68%, 83.50%, and 85.48%, respectively. As ωa increased, clay mineral content in the loess first increased and then decreased, whereas the feldspar content followed the opposite trend. WWDG filled loess pores, altered pore structure, and reduced porosity, thereby producing a more stable soil framework. Overall, WWDG shows potential for improving the engineering performance of the loess.