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<p>Electrochemical grouting with nanosilica sol offers a promising low-disturbance solution for reinforcement of coastal soft soils. This study systematically evaluate the feasibility of electrochemical grouting using nanosilica sol via its gelling regulation, migration behavior, and reinforcement efficacy through a three-stage approach. Single-variable experiments demonstrate that the gelation time and strength are controllable via Na⁺ concentration gradients, particle size and SiO<sub>2</sub> concentration. U-tube electrophoretic tests reveal migration rates of 0.078, 0.0125, and 0.00981&#xa0;cm²/(min·V) in coarse sand, fine sand, and clay, governed by pore structure and interfacial charge interactions. Electrochemical grouting model experiments show that the nanosilica sol forms a continuous reinforcement zone in the cathode region, increasing the effective reinforcement area increases from 21% to 63%, and reducing the coefficient of variation (CV) in bearing capacity by 50% (to 43.8%) compared to conventioanl CaCl<sub>2</sub>-Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> grouting. The synergistic mechanism of directed migration, gradient-induced gelation, and pore-scale filling effectively overcomes the limitations of conventional grouting techniques, which offten result in the formation of isolated reinforcement zones.</p>

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Electrochemical grouting with nanosilica sol for soft soil improvement: mechanism of controlled gelation and reinforcement uniformity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • Yifan He,
  • Renpeng Chen,
  • Wei Yang,
  • Fanyan Meng,
  • Qiyu Xiao

摘要

Electrochemical grouting with nanosilica sol offers a promising low-disturbance solution for reinforcement of coastal soft soils. This study systematically evaluate the feasibility of electrochemical grouting using nanosilica sol via its gelling regulation, migration behavior, and reinforcement efficacy through a three-stage approach. Single-variable experiments demonstrate that the gelation time and strength are controllable via Na⁺ concentration gradients, particle size and SiO2 concentration. U-tube electrophoretic tests reveal migration rates of 0.078, 0.0125, and 0.00981 cm²/(min·V) in coarse sand, fine sand, and clay, governed by pore structure and interfacial charge interactions. Electrochemical grouting model experiments show that the nanosilica sol forms a continuous reinforcement zone in the cathode region, increasing the effective reinforcement area increases from 21% to 63%, and reducing the coefficient of variation (CV) in bearing capacity by 50% (to 43.8%) compared to conventioanl CaCl2-Na2SiO3 grouting. The synergistic mechanism of directed migration, gradient-induced gelation, and pore-scale filling effectively overcomes the limitations of conventional grouting techniques, which offten result in the formation of isolated reinforcement zones.