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<p>The deformation issues induced by water–rock interactions in argillaceous dolomite pose significant challenges to tunnel engineering. This study establishes an in-situ experimental system integrating borehole imaging, pumping tests, and tracer tests to investigate the water–rock interaction mechanisms in the deformation zone of a high-speed railway tunnel. The findings reveal a dual groundwater flow structure characterized by “lateral convergence–longitudinal migration” at the tunnel base. The crack-concentrated zones exhibit the highest expansion rates and groundwater recharge rates, demonstrating a spatial correlation that highlights the controlling influence of the hydraulic field on deformation development. Based on multi-source data, a specific progressive failure mechanism is proposed: stress disturbances induced by tunnel excavation activate horizontal bedding planes, forming a crack network that provides preferential pathways for groundwater seepage. The heterogeneous hydration process further promotes crack propagation, ultimately leading to a cyclic positive feedback loop of “crack propagation–hydration-driven swelling–stress concentration.” This mechanism elucidates the underlying causes of continuous deformation and provides valuable data support for the design and construction of similar projects.</p>

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Mechanisms of water-rock interaction and its impact on swelling and crack behavior of argillaceous dolomite in tunnel uplift zones

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Zihang Liu,
  • Kang Huang,
  • Shuling Huang,
  • Xianfeng Liu,
  • Fei Yu,
  • Shanxiong Chen,
  • Zhangjun Dai

摘要

The deformation issues induced by water–rock interactions in argillaceous dolomite pose significant challenges to tunnel engineering. This study establishes an in-situ experimental system integrating borehole imaging, pumping tests, and tracer tests to investigate the water–rock interaction mechanisms in the deformation zone of a high-speed railway tunnel. The findings reveal a dual groundwater flow structure characterized by “lateral convergence–longitudinal migration” at the tunnel base. The crack-concentrated zones exhibit the highest expansion rates and groundwater recharge rates, demonstrating a spatial correlation that highlights the controlling influence of the hydraulic field on deformation development. Based on multi-source data, a specific progressive failure mechanism is proposed: stress disturbances induced by tunnel excavation activate horizontal bedding planes, forming a crack network that provides preferential pathways for groundwater seepage. The heterogeneous hydration process further promotes crack propagation, ultimately leading to a cyclic positive feedback loop of “crack propagation–hydration-driven swelling–stress concentration.” This mechanism elucidates the underlying causes of continuous deformation and provides valuable data support for the design and construction of similar projects.