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<p>Palm fibers offer promising potential for subsurface geotechnical applications by improving the mechanical behavior of treated soils. This study investigates the influence of palm fiber length and content on soil performance through a series of triaxial consolidated undrained (CU) tests, including four distinct stress path protocols: load-reduction triaxial extension (RTE), triaxial compression with decreasing confining pressure (RTC), constant-mean-stress triaxial compression (TC), and conventional triaxial compression (CTC). A discrete element method (DEM) framework was employed to simulate the stress–strain responses of fiber-reinforced soils under varying meso-mechanical parameters. Experimental findings reveal that, under conventional triaxial loading, both the peak deviatoric stress and the cohesion of reinforced soils exhibit a non-linear trend with increasing fiber length and dosage—initially enhancing and then diminishing. The optimal reinforcement effect was observed at a fiber length of 10&#xa0;mm and a content of 0.7%. In RTC and TC stress paths, palm fibers effectively limit axial deformation. DEM analysis further demonstrates that the peak shear strength increases with the fiber–soil interfacial friction coefficient. During initial loading, strength development is governed primarily by interparticle bonding, while at later stages, interfacial friction becomes the dominant factor. These results offer valuable insights for the design of eco-efficient temporary reinforcement systems in underground tunneling, aligning with both sustainability and cost-effectiveness goals.</p>

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Utilization of palm fiber for soil reinforcement: triaxial mechanical performance and DEM simulation under stress path variation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • Yu Zhang,
  • Yuanxun Zheng,
  • Shiqi Pan,
  • Jingjiang Wu,
  • Yushan Ye

摘要

Palm fibers offer promising potential for subsurface geotechnical applications by improving the mechanical behavior of treated soils. This study investigates the influence of palm fiber length and content on soil performance through a series of triaxial consolidated undrained (CU) tests, including four distinct stress path protocols: load-reduction triaxial extension (RTE), triaxial compression with decreasing confining pressure (RTC), constant-mean-stress triaxial compression (TC), and conventional triaxial compression (CTC). A discrete element method (DEM) framework was employed to simulate the stress–strain responses of fiber-reinforced soils under varying meso-mechanical parameters. Experimental findings reveal that, under conventional triaxial loading, both the peak deviatoric stress and the cohesion of reinforced soils exhibit a non-linear trend with increasing fiber length and dosage—initially enhancing and then diminishing. The optimal reinforcement effect was observed at a fiber length of 10 mm and a content of 0.7%. In RTC and TC stress paths, palm fibers effectively limit axial deformation. DEM analysis further demonstrates that the peak shear strength increases with the fiber–soil interfacial friction coefficient. During initial loading, strength development is governed primarily by interparticle bonding, while at later stages, interfacial friction becomes the dominant factor. These results offer valuable insights for the design of eco-efficient temporary reinforcement systems in underground tunneling, aligning with both sustainability and cost-effectiveness goals.