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<p>The occurrence of debris flows depends on the combined effects of the distribution and volume of loose source materials and rainfall intensity, especially in seismic regions where sediment undergoes prolonged evolution and migration. Conventional monitoring and warning methods often overlook the influence of long-term sediment dynamics on debris flow initiation due to limitations in capturing sustained sediment changes across entire catchments. This study proposes the innovative utilization of small baseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technology to investigate sediment evolution before debris flows. SBAS-InSAR enables long-term and periodic monitoring at the catchment scale, offering insights beyond short-term observations during triggering rainfall events. By analyzing erosion and deposition processes in a seismic catchment, this study reveals the gradual transition of bank sediment into channel sediment over several years after an earthquake and identifies sustained channel sediment erosion preceding debris flow initiation. Using time-series analysis and physical model experiments, the study establishes a connection between long-term sediment dynamics and debris flow generation. The findings demonstrate that SBAS-InSAR provides an effective means for all-weather monitoring of sediment evolution over large spatiotemporal scales, enhancing the understanding of debris flow generation processes in seismic regions.</p>

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Long-term dynamics of sediment and their potential indication for debris flow initiation in Wenchuan seismic area

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Wen Zhang,
  • Wankun Li,
  • Chen Cao,
  • Shengyuan Song,
  • Junqi Chen,
  • Han Yin,
  • Zongshuo Zhang

摘要

The occurrence of debris flows depends on the combined effects of the distribution and volume of loose source materials and rainfall intensity, especially in seismic regions where sediment undergoes prolonged evolution and migration. Conventional monitoring and warning methods often overlook the influence of long-term sediment dynamics on debris flow initiation due to limitations in capturing sustained sediment changes across entire catchments. This study proposes the innovative utilization of small baseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SBAS-InSAR) technology to investigate sediment evolution before debris flows. SBAS-InSAR enables long-term and periodic monitoring at the catchment scale, offering insights beyond short-term observations during triggering rainfall events. By analyzing erosion and deposition processes in a seismic catchment, this study reveals the gradual transition of bank sediment into channel sediment over several years after an earthquake and identifies sustained channel sediment erosion preceding debris flow initiation. Using time-series analysis and physical model experiments, the study establishes a connection between long-term sediment dynamics and debris flow generation. The findings demonstrate that SBAS-InSAR provides an effective means for all-weather monitoring of sediment evolution over large spatiotemporal scales, enhancing the understanding of debris flow generation processes in seismic regions.