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<p>With the continuous development of mineral resources, many open-pit mines are transitioning to underground mining projects as they reach greater depths. Long-term open-pit mining has resulted in the formation of high, steep slopes, the stability of which is significantly affected by the material overlaying the ore (the “overburden”). Landslide damage characteristics and deformation ranges of the Yanqianshan iron mine are analyzed in this study using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and Small Baseline Subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology. Based on the limit equilibrium theory, this analysis reveals the control mechanism of the overburden on slope instability; a theoretical approach for calculating overburden thickness is also established using Janssen’s pressure theory. The effects of various treatment schemes are evaluated through a discrete–continuous coupling method and verified by field measurements. The results indicate that the overburden significantly influences slope stability. When the overburden influence coefficient <i>u</i> ≥ 1, it exerts a positive stabilizing effect. The optimal overburden thickness for the Yanqianshan iron mine is determined to be 65.38 m.</p>

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Influence mechanisms and control effects of overburden on rock slope stability: case study in Yanqianshan iron mine, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月19日

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  • Lingfei Zhang,
  • Zhongxin Wang,
  • Jian Cao,
  • Xiangyu Zeng,
  • Fengliang Tian,
  • Fengyang Xin,
  • Junting Huang

摘要

With the continuous development of mineral resources, many open-pit mines are transitioning to underground mining projects as they reach greater depths. Long-term open-pit mining has resulted in the formation of high, steep slopes, the stability of which is significantly affected by the material overlaying the ore (the “overburden”). Landslide damage characteristics and deformation ranges of the Yanqianshan iron mine are analyzed in this study using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and Small Baseline Subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology. Based on the limit equilibrium theory, this analysis reveals the control mechanism of the overburden on slope instability; a theoretical approach for calculating overburden thickness is also established using Janssen’s pressure theory. The effects of various treatment schemes are evaluated through a discrete–continuous coupling method and verified by field measurements. The results indicate that the overburden significantly influences slope stability. When the overburden influence coefficient u ≥ 1, it exerts a positive stabilizing effect. The optimal overburden thickness for the Yanqianshan iron mine is determined to be 65.38 m.