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<p>The dynamic response of anti-dip bedding rock slopes (ABRSs) to earthquakes is complex, as is the failure mechanism responsible for their collapse. In this work, shaking-table tests were performed on an ABRS with a similarity ratio of 1:100. The dynamic behavior and failure of the ABRS were thus studied systematically by varying the amplitude, frequency, duration, and waveform of the seismic waves employed. The self-oscillation characteristics of the slopes were also investigated. The results indicate that the first- and second-order self-oscillation frequencies of an ABRS increase significantly as the loading time increases. When the wave amplitude is small, the acceleration amplification effect caused by a sinusoidal wave is stronger than that caused by a natural seismic (Wolong) wave; when the amplitude is large, the opposite is true. The largest acceleration amplification effect was found to occur in an ABRS subjected to a seismic wave with a frequency of 15–25&#xa0;Hz (1.5–2.5&#xa0;Hz in the prototype). The failure process in the ABRS can be divided into four stages: (1) formation of tensile cracks in the trailing edge of the slope; (2) formation and propagation of micro-cracks inside the slope; (3) formation, development, and penetration of a failure surface; (4) complete failure. The slope can be divided into four subzones according to their deformation and failure characteristics: toppling zone, potential toppling zone, loosening zone, and fracture-development zone. Our findings provide useful guidance for understanding the disaster-causing dynamic processes that occur in ABRSs.</p>

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Experimental study on dynamic failure mechanism of anti-dip bedding rock slopes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月3日

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  • Yun Zheng,
  • Bin Ma,
  • Congxin Chen,
  • Zhanghao Ren,
  • Chaoyi Sun,
  • Jiahao Yuan

摘要

The dynamic response of anti-dip bedding rock slopes (ABRSs) to earthquakes is complex, as is the failure mechanism responsible for their collapse. In this work, shaking-table tests were performed on an ABRS with a similarity ratio of 1:100. The dynamic behavior and failure of the ABRS were thus studied systematically by varying the amplitude, frequency, duration, and waveform of the seismic waves employed. The self-oscillation characteristics of the slopes were also investigated. The results indicate that the first- and second-order self-oscillation frequencies of an ABRS increase significantly as the loading time increases. When the wave amplitude is small, the acceleration amplification effect caused by a sinusoidal wave is stronger than that caused by a natural seismic (Wolong) wave; when the amplitude is large, the opposite is true. The largest acceleration amplification effect was found to occur in an ABRS subjected to a seismic wave with a frequency of 15–25 Hz (1.5–2.5 Hz in the prototype). The failure process in the ABRS can be divided into four stages: (1) formation of tensile cracks in the trailing edge of the slope; (2) formation and propagation of micro-cracks inside the slope; (3) formation, development, and penetration of a failure surface; (4) complete failure. The slope can be divided into four subzones according to their deformation and failure characteristics: toppling zone, potential toppling zone, loosening zone, and fracture-development zone. Our findings provide useful guidance for understanding the disaster-causing dynamic processes that occur in ABRSs.