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<p>Gamification has become a development direction in virtual reality (VR) exhibitions, enhancing the educational and entertainment value of museums. However, the influence of narrative path design—a key gamification strategy—on users’ memory performance during exhibition viewing remains insufficiently explored. This study investigated the impact of static versus dynamic narrative paths on memory performance to optimize VR exhibition design. Using the historical development of symphony as a thematic framework, we designed two viewing modalities: Static narrative path enforced sequential progression through a predetermined route, whereas dynamic narrative path permitted self-directed exploration. We recruited 33 participants, who were randomly assigned to one of two groups in a between-subjects design: 16 in the static narrative path group and 17 in the dynamic narrative path group. Memory performance was assessed through memory test (quantifying memory quantity) and free recall tasks (evaluating the structural nature of memory), supplemented by interview analysis. The results revealed two key findings: First, in terms of memory quantity, the difference in participants' performance between the two narrative path designs did not reach statistical significance under the experimental conditions of this study (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Participants in the dynamic narrative path group exhibited greater autonomy in the memory process. Specifically, the proportion of structured memory units in their free recall responses was significantly higher than that in the static narrative path group, indicating that their memory showed a stronger structural tendency.</p>

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Research on the impact of narrative path design on user memory performance in gamified virtual reality exhibitions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月19日

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  • Jiayi Han,
  • Zhaolin Lu,
  • Zhehan Yang,
  • Weihan Chen,
  • Xiaoyu Guo,
  • Yue Zhang

摘要

Gamification has become a development direction in virtual reality (VR) exhibitions, enhancing the educational and entertainment value of museums. However, the influence of narrative path design—a key gamification strategy—on users’ memory performance during exhibition viewing remains insufficiently explored. This study investigated the impact of static versus dynamic narrative paths on memory performance to optimize VR exhibition design. Using the historical development of symphony as a thematic framework, we designed two viewing modalities: Static narrative path enforced sequential progression through a predetermined route, whereas dynamic narrative path permitted self-directed exploration. We recruited 33 participants, who were randomly assigned to one of two groups in a between-subjects design: 16 in the static narrative path group and 17 in the dynamic narrative path group. Memory performance was assessed through memory test (quantifying memory quantity) and free recall tasks (evaluating the structural nature of memory), supplemented by interview analysis. The results revealed two key findings: First, in terms of memory quantity, the difference in participants' performance between the two narrative path designs did not reach statistical significance under the experimental conditions of this study (p > 0.05). Participants in the dynamic narrative path group exhibited greater autonomy in the memory process. Specifically, the proportion of structured memory units in their free recall responses was significantly higher than that in the static narrative path group, indicating that their memory showed a stronger structural tendency.