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Background <p>The starting point for this work was the observation that crisis situations are becoming more frequent and complex, while demographic change, changes in commitment, and professional demands are having a&#xa0;negative impact on the availability of volunteers.</p> Objective <p>The study examines the scope, structures, and implications of the multiple use of volunteer forces in German civil protection.</p> Methods <p>In a&#xa0;quantitative online-based survey in Bavaria, 12,804 datasets from volunteers in fire departments, aid organizations, the technical relief agency, and other structures were analyzed. The survey focused on multiple engagements, work in critical infrastructures, and prioritization in emergency situations.</p> Results <p>Around one third of respondents are active in at least one other civil protection organization, and a&#xa0;considerable proportion are also professionally involved in the critical infrastructure (KRITIS) sectors.</p> Conclusion <p>Multiple engagement strengthens the system’s range of competencies and flexibility but at the same time increases the risk of overload, role conflicts, and operational misjudgments of actual operational availability. Against this backdrop, it becomes clear that formal membership figures are not sufficient as a&#xa0;basis for planning and that multiple commitments must be systematically recorded and managed. The study highlights a&#xa0;substantial need for action and research with regard to cross-organizational, digitally supported resource planning, clear exemption regulations, and sustainable strategies to ensure the resilience of civil protection.</p>

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Personelle Resilienz im Bevölkerungsschutz: empirische Befunde zu Doppelrollen, Mehrfachengagements und Ressourcenmanagement

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Klaus Meyer,
  • Sandra Benesch,
  • Volker Skrok,
  • Bernd Landsleitner

摘要

Background

The starting point for this work was the observation that crisis situations are becoming more frequent and complex, while demographic change, changes in commitment, and professional demands are having a negative impact on the availability of volunteers.

Objective

The study examines the scope, structures, and implications of the multiple use of volunteer forces in German civil protection.

Methods

In a quantitative online-based survey in Bavaria, 12,804 datasets from volunteers in fire departments, aid organizations, the technical relief agency, and other structures were analyzed. The survey focused on multiple engagements, work in critical infrastructures, and prioritization in emergency situations.

Results

Around one third of respondents are active in at least one other civil protection organization, and a considerable proportion are also professionally involved in the critical infrastructure (KRITIS) sectors.

Conclusion

Multiple engagement strengthens the system’s range of competencies and flexibility but at the same time increases the risk of overload, role conflicts, and operational misjudgments of actual operational availability. Against this backdrop, it becomes clear that formal membership figures are not sufficient as a basis for planning and that multiple commitments must be systematically recorded and managed. The study highlights a substantial need for action and research with regard to cross-organizational, digitally supported resource planning, clear exemption regulations, and sustainable strategies to ensure the resilience of civil protection.