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<p>Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and severe mental disorder with a complex molecular aetiology. Emerging evidence indicates a potential association between the gut microbiome and the development of SCZ. Considering the under-representation of African populations in SCZ research, this study aimed to explore the association between the gut microbiome and SCZ within a South African cohort. Gut microbial DNA was obtained from 89 participants (<i>n</i> = 41 SCZ cases; <i>n</i> = 48 controls) and underwent 16S rRNA (V4) sequencing. Data preparation and taxa classification were performed with the <i>DADA2</i> pipeline in R studio followed by diversity analysis using <i>QIIME2</i>. Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC) was utilised to identify differentially abundant taxa. No statistically significant differences were observed between SCZ patients and controls in terms of alpha-diversity (Shannon <i>q</i> = 0.09; Simpson <i>q</i> = 0.174) or beta-diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.547). Five taxa, namely <i>Prevotella</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.037)<i>, </i><i>Faecalibacterium</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.032)<i>, </i><i>Phascolarctobacterium</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.002)<i>, </i><i>Dialister</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.043)<i>,</i> and <i>SMB53</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.012), were differentially abundant in cases compared to controls, but this observation did not survive correction for multiple testing. This exploratory study suggests a potential association between the relative abundance of <i>Prevotella</i><i>, </i><i>Faecalibacterium</i><i>, </i><i>Phascolarctobacterium</i><i>, </i><i>Dialister,</i> and <i>SMB53</i> with SCZ case–control status. Given the lack of significance after correcting for multiple testing, these results should be interpreted with caution. Mechanistic studies in larger samples are warranted to confirm these findings and better understand the association between the gut microbiome and SCZ.</p>

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Investigating the gut microbiome in schizophrenia cases versus controls: South Africa’s version

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月5日

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  • Carlien Rust,
  • Laila Asmal,
  • Michaela O’Hare,
  • Etheresia Pretorius,
  • Robin Emsley,
  • Soraya Seedat,
  • Sian Hemmings

摘要

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and severe mental disorder with a complex molecular aetiology. Emerging evidence indicates a potential association between the gut microbiome and the development of SCZ. Considering the under-representation of African populations in SCZ research, this study aimed to explore the association between the gut microbiome and SCZ within a South African cohort. Gut microbial DNA was obtained from 89 participants (n = 41 SCZ cases; n = 48 controls) and underwent 16S rRNA (V4) sequencing. Data preparation and taxa classification were performed with the DADA2 pipeline in R studio followed by diversity analysis using QIIME2. Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC) was utilised to identify differentially abundant taxa. No statistically significant differences were observed between SCZ patients and controls in terms of alpha-diversity (Shannon q = 0.09; Simpson q = 0.174) or beta-diversity (p = 0.547). Five taxa, namely Prevotella (p = 0.037), Faecalibacterium (p = 0.032), Phascolarctobacterium (p = 0.002), Dialister (p = 0.043), and SMB53 (p = 0.012), were differentially abundant in cases compared to controls, but this observation did not survive correction for multiple testing. This exploratory study suggests a potential association between the relative abundance of Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Dialister, and SMB53 with SCZ case–control status. Given the lack of significance after correcting for multiple testing, these results should be interpreted with caution. Mechanistic studies in larger samples are warranted to confirm these findings and better understand the association between the gut microbiome and SCZ.