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<p>Groundwater is the primary water source in arid and semi-arid regions in central Mexico, including the San Juan del Rio basin. While characterizing the contribution of deep groundwater flow into the shallow volcanic aquifer systems is often challenging, it is important in tectonically controlled settings. In this study, the occurrence and the rate of deep groundwater inflow was characterized using six different hydrologic models. By using a numerical groundwater model with particle tracking and comparing simulations with both hydraulic head and groundwater age data, the most likely hydrological scenario for the basin was selected. The findings indicate that a model which incorporates deep inflow, without significant hydraulic conductivity enhancement along faults, is the best representation of the system among the scenarios considered. This highlights the importance of incorporating groundwater age data, in addition to hydraulic head data, for accurately constraining flow regimes in aquifers, particularly those situated in tectonically active regions with regional circulation patterns.</p>

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Characterization of deep inflow in a semi-arid and tectonically active basin by simulating groundwater age: the case of San Juan del Río, Mexico

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月15日

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  • Jorge Lopez-Alvis,
  • Jaime Carrera-Hernandez,
  • Gilles Levresse,
  • Eliseo Hernandez-Perez

摘要

Groundwater is the primary water source in arid and semi-arid regions in central Mexico, including the San Juan del Rio basin. While characterizing the contribution of deep groundwater flow into the shallow volcanic aquifer systems is often challenging, it is important in tectonically controlled settings. In this study, the occurrence and the rate of deep groundwater inflow was characterized using six different hydrologic models. By using a numerical groundwater model with particle tracking and comparing simulations with both hydraulic head and groundwater age data, the most likely hydrological scenario for the basin was selected. The findings indicate that a model which incorporates deep inflow, without significant hydraulic conductivity enhancement along faults, is the best representation of the system among the scenarios considered. This highlights the importance of incorporating groundwater age data, in addition to hydraulic head data, for accurately constraining flow regimes in aquifers, particularly those situated in tectonically active regions with regional circulation patterns.