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<p>The South China continental margin is the most significant high-heat production (HHP) granite region in China, characterized by numerous medium- to low-temperature convective hot springs and geothermal resources. Hot spring temperatures in this region exceed background temperatures by 56–78.5&#xa0;°C. Geothermal heat in this area is primarily derived from the radioactive decay of minerals within the granite. Groundwater temperatures from 121 hot springs and radiogenic heat production rates from 123 granite samples were measured across Guangdong Province. The structure of the hydrothermal system was determined by integrating field observations with seismic survey data into a conceptual model. The results indicate that deep hydrothermal groundwater circulation depletes radioactive heat-generating elements from the granite body, which then migrate upwards and enrich the surficial granite. This enriched layer has an average thickness of approximately 5.3&#xa0;km and contributes an average surface heat flow increment of 17.3 mW/m<sup>2</sup>, accounting for 55% of the crustal heat flow and 24% of the total heat flow.</p>

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The role of groundwater in concentrating radioactive elements and enhancing surface heat flow in Guangdong Province, South China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Jian Zhang,
  • Chuanqing Zhu,
  • Yubei He,
  • Yanxia Fan,
  • Chenghao Jiang

摘要

The South China continental margin is the most significant high-heat production (HHP) granite region in China, characterized by numerous medium- to low-temperature convective hot springs and geothermal resources. Hot spring temperatures in this region exceed background temperatures by 56–78.5 °C. Geothermal heat in this area is primarily derived from the radioactive decay of minerals within the granite. Groundwater temperatures from 121 hot springs and radiogenic heat production rates from 123 granite samples were measured across Guangdong Province. The structure of the hydrothermal system was determined by integrating field observations with seismic survey data into a conceptual model. The results indicate that deep hydrothermal groundwater circulation depletes radioactive heat-generating elements from the granite body, which then migrate upwards and enrich the surficial granite. This enriched layer has an average thickness of approximately 5.3 km and contributes an average surface heat flow increment of 17.3 mW/m2, accounting for 55% of the crustal heat flow and 24% of the total heat flow.