Low-velocity binary projectile impact cratering in loose granular media
摘要
Asteroid impacts are a significant area of study in astronomy; however, the specific impact properties of binary systems at close distances have not been extensively explored. This study employs a dual approach, combining low-velocity impact experiments with numerical simulations, to investigate the dynamic characteristics of binary projectiles at varying separation distances. Special focus is placed on how the initial separation distance affects the repulsion and attraction phenomena of the projectiles within granular media. Empirical evidence shows that smaller initial separation distances lead to significant repulsion between projectiles upon impact. Once a specific separation distance is reached, the binary projectiles exhibit attractive behavior post-impact. Quantitative simulations clarify the observed repulsive and attractive phenomena by considering the force chain, thereby providing a deeper understanding of the dynamic impact process.
Graphical Abstract