<p>The energy generated by the explosion of the arc-shaped charge spreads relatively evenly in all directions, when the density of the explosive charge is uniform and compact, the energy released by the reaction is more concentrated and stable, thereby achieving a more efficient explosion effect. By establishing a simulation model of the powder compaction process, the powder displacement, relative density variation, and stress distribution of the formed explosive charge during its compaction process were analyzed, and the effects of process parameters such as pressing rate, pressure holding time, number of compaction times, and mold roughness on the density of arc-shaped charges were studied. The results show that: The stress of the formed explosive column is mainly concentrated at the bottom end of the upper die punch; From top to bottom, the relative density of the explosive charge shows a wave-like decreasing trend, and the minimum density appears at the interface between the lower die punch and the female mold; In the complete compaction process, the influence of different compaction rates and pressure holding times on the density of the formed explosive column does not follow an obvious pattern. However, it is certain that the pressure holding process is crucial, as it can enhance the density and uniformity of the explosive column; With an increase in the number of compaction times, the relative density of the explosive charge gradually increases; Reducing the roughness of the mold can make the density distribution of the formed explosive column more uniform.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>