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Objectives <p>This study aimed to determine whether flagship smartphones can approach the performance of professional digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras using a standardized workflow incorporating color calibration and optical zoom.</p> Methods <p>Three DSLR cameras (Canon EOS 5D Mark IV, Canon EOS 80D, Nikon D610) and two smartphones (iPhone 17 Pro Max, Galaxy S24 Ultra) were used to capture nine standardized extraoral and intraoral views for each of 25 volunteers. Images were evaluated for color accuracy, dimensional accuracy, and image quality. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).</p> Results <p>Gray-card calibration significantly reduced smartphone image ΔE values (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), resulting in lower ΔE values than those of the DSLR group with standardized white balance (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Regarding dimensional accuracy, images captured with the iPhone 17 Pro Max at 4× optical zoom showed no significant difference from DSLR cameras (<i>P</i> = 0.178), whereas the Samsung device significantly underestimated arch width (<i>P</i> = 0.041). Samsung achieved the most favorable BRISQUE score.</p> Conclusions <p>Under a standardized workflow incorporating color calibration and appropriate optical zoom, smartphone photography achieved gray-card-based color accuracy and relative dimensional consistency comparable to those of DSLR cameras, providing a more convenient and feasible imaging option. However, DSLR cameras still demonstrated advantages in clinically demanding aesthetic cases.</p> Clinical relevance <p>Using a standardized workflow that includes appropriate optical zoom, professional dental lighting, and gray-card-based color calibration, smartphone photography can achieve relatively satisfactory reproduction of dental color and dimensional consistency, representing a potentially reliable and cost-effective option for clinical documentation.</p>

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Comparison of accuracy and reliability between smartphone and digital single-lens reflex camera in clinical dental photography: an in vivo study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Jingfang Yuan,
  • Junshang Cui,
  • Huangshui Ma,
  • Xueyuan Li,
  • Songhang Li

摘要

Objectives

This study aimed to determine whether flagship smartphones can approach the performance of professional digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras using a standardized workflow incorporating color calibration and optical zoom.

Methods

Three DSLR cameras (Canon EOS 5D Mark IV, Canon EOS 80D, Nikon D610) and two smartphones (iPhone 17 Pro Max, Galaxy S24 Ultra) were used to capture nine standardized extraoral and intraoral views for each of 25 volunteers. Images were evaluated for color accuracy, dimensional accuracy, and image quality. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).

Results

Gray-card calibration significantly reduced smartphone image ΔE values (P < 0.001), resulting in lower ΔE values than those of the DSLR group with standardized white balance (P < 0.001). Regarding dimensional accuracy, images captured with the iPhone 17 Pro Max at 4× optical zoom showed no significant difference from DSLR cameras (P = 0.178), whereas the Samsung device significantly underestimated arch width (P = 0.041). Samsung achieved the most favorable BRISQUE score.

Conclusions

Under a standardized workflow incorporating color calibration and appropriate optical zoom, smartphone photography achieved gray-card-based color accuracy and relative dimensional consistency comparable to those of DSLR cameras, providing a more convenient and feasible imaging option. However, DSLR cameras still demonstrated advantages in clinically demanding aesthetic cases.

Clinical relevance

Using a standardized workflow that includes appropriate optical zoom, professional dental lighting, and gray-card-based color calibration, smartphone photography can achieve relatively satisfactory reproduction of dental color and dimensional consistency, representing a potentially reliable and cost-effective option for clinical documentation.