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Objectives <p>This study aims to investigate the forming capability of Advanced Customized Jetting (ACJ) technology for four different margin types restorations and five surface textures.</p> Materials and methods <p>Zirconia restorations with four margin types (heavy-chamfer, chamfer, shoulder and biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT)) were fabricated using CAD/CAM and ACJ technology (<i>n</i> = 10), then compared the root mean square (RMS) at non-marginal and Marginal regions. Surface textures were designed on 5&#xa0;mm×5&#xa0;mm× 5&#xa0;mm cubes, including 11 groups: 1 non-porous (NP) group and 10 experimental groups with circular, triangular, square, pentagram, or hexagonal textures at 400&#xa0;μm (D<sub>4</sub>) or 800&#xa0;μm (D<sub>8</sub>) apertures (<i>n</i> = 10). ACJ fabricated textured samples were analyzed via SEM and 3D profilometry and measured dimensional accuracy along X/Y/Z axes.</p> Results <p>(1) All ACJ restorations have lower RMS values at non-marginal regions than CAD/CAM (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). ACJ fabricated heavy-chamfer, chamfer and BOPT restorations have lower RMS values at marginal region than CAD/CAM (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), whereas no difference in shoulder (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). (2) Circle and hexagon have the highest accuracy: D<sub>4</sub>C (90.58%), D<sub>8</sub>C (94.96%), D<sub>4</sub>H (87.29%) and D<sub>8</sub>H (92.96%), while pentagram has the lowest accuracy (D<sub>8</sub>P: 71.37%). The dimensional deviations of Z-axis are within 10&#xa0;μm, and the accuracy of printing are above 90%.</p> Conclusions <p>ACJ restorations exhibited lower RMS values than CAD/CAM in both non-marginal region and marginal region with heavy-chamfer, chamfer, and BOPT margins. Circle textures have the highest accuracy and larger aperture improves printing accuracy.</p> Clinical relevance <p>ACJ fabricated zirconia restorations exhibit higher geometric precision and demonstrate technical feasibility in manufacturing customized morphological features.</p>

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Forming capability of advanced customized jetting additive manufacturing for restorations with different margin morphologies and surface textures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Yingyue Su,
  • Liren Liu,
  • Jingxin Zhang,
  • Shuangshan Deng,
  • Maohua Yang,
  • Shanshan Gao

摘要

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the forming capability of Advanced Customized Jetting (ACJ) technology for four different margin types restorations and five surface textures.

Materials and methods

Zirconia restorations with four margin types (heavy-chamfer, chamfer, shoulder and biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT)) were fabricated using CAD/CAM and ACJ technology (n = 10), then compared the root mean square (RMS) at non-marginal and Marginal regions. Surface textures were designed on 5 mm×5 mm× 5 mm cubes, including 11 groups: 1 non-porous (NP) group and 10 experimental groups with circular, triangular, square, pentagram, or hexagonal textures at 400 μm (D4) or 800 μm (D8) apertures (n = 10). ACJ fabricated textured samples were analyzed via SEM and 3D profilometry and measured dimensional accuracy along X/Y/Z axes.

Results

(1) All ACJ restorations have lower RMS values at non-marginal regions than CAD/CAM (P < 0.01). ACJ fabricated heavy-chamfer, chamfer and BOPT restorations have lower RMS values at marginal region than CAD/CAM (P < 0.01), whereas no difference in shoulder (P > 0.05). (2) Circle and hexagon have the highest accuracy: D4C (90.58%), D8C (94.96%), D4H (87.29%) and D8H (92.96%), while pentagram has the lowest accuracy (D8P: 71.37%). The dimensional deviations of Z-axis are within 10 μm, and the accuracy of printing are above 90%.

Conclusions

ACJ restorations exhibited lower RMS values than CAD/CAM in both non-marginal region and marginal region with heavy-chamfer, chamfer, and BOPT margins. Circle textures have the highest accuracy and larger aperture improves printing accuracy.

Clinical relevance

ACJ fabricated zirconia restorations exhibit higher geometric precision and demonstrate technical feasibility in manufacturing customized morphological features.