A control-chart approach for sample homogeneity verification in food and water microbiology proficiency testing schemes
摘要
Verifying the homogeneity of the samples used for a proficiency test is a normative requirement to ensure that the variation in the results is due to the laboratories’ analyses rather than the heterogeneity of the test material. A general method based on the assessment of between-sample and within-sample (analytical) variance components of 10 samples analyzed in duplicate according to the recommendation of the ISO 13528 standard can be strict for microbiological analyses. This paper proposes an alternative approach to evaluating sufficient sample homogeneity of a new proficiency test based on standard deviation control charts plotted for successive homogeneity and proficiency tests in previous rounds. The proposed method is based on the observed stability in the variation in colony counts at different levels of contamination in food and water microbiology proficiency tests organized by Bureau Interprofessionnel d’Études Analytiques (BIPEA). However, the control limits are adapted to different test microorganisms and matrices due to their distinctive characteristics. Examples of these control charts for the enumeration of microorganisms in water, meat, and wine over the 2017 to 2024 period are presented.