<p>The contemporary development of the society is characterized by a rapid and intensive development of technology and industry, which leads to the appearance of an increasing amount of different products, but also to environmental pollution as product of their work. In everyday life, before placing products on the market, it is necessary to test them. These tests are conducted by testing laboratories in accordance with the relevant specifications for the given products. In case these tests are performed in laboratories accredited to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 ‘General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories’, by an accreditation body in a country that is a signatory to the ILAC Mutual Recognition Arrangement, their results will be recognized internationally. The basic goal of this paper is to present the current state of accredited laboratories in the Republic of Serbia, i.e., the analysis of the first accreditations granted, the distribution of laboratories by cities in Serbia, the number of testing methods in accredited laboratories, as well as the subject of testing/calibration in them. In addition, statistical multivariate analyses—Pearson’s correlation matrix and principal component analysis—were performed to determine the correlation between accredited laboratories and socio-political parameters, as well as the similarity in the distribution of accredited organizations in Serbia. The results show that the Republic of Serbia has a fairly developed area of quality infrastructure, that there is a certain relation between the granting of initial accreditation and certain socio-political events, as well as that there is a linear dependence between the number of accredited testing and calibration laboratories and the socio-economic parameters of the city. In Serbia, a largest number of accredited testing laboratories analyze media from the environment; however, a large number of those that deal with the testing of materials, food and industrial equipment are also present.</p>