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<p><i>Kigelia africana</i>, a tree indigenous to Africa and also found in eastern and southern India, has demonstrated antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to quantify the levels of phenolic compounds—specifically caffeic acid (CA), coumaric acid (COA), and ferulic acid (FA)—in the ethanolic fruit extract of <i>K. africana</i> using a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. The method was developed and validated following the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2(R1) guidelines. The validation results indicated that the method is linear (for CA: 200‒1200&#xa0;ng/band, for COA: 50‒300&#xa0;ng/band, and for FA: 200‒1200&#xa0;ng/band), specific, precise, and accurate, with recoveries ranging from 98% to 102%. It exhibited high sensitivity with a low limit of detection and quantification, and was robust with relative standard deviations (RSD) &lt; 2% for precision and peak area. The HPTLC method successfully quantified the levels of CA, COA, and FA in the ethanolic extract of <i>K. africana</i>, demonstrating its effectiveness and reliability for the analysis of these bioactive compounds.</p>

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High-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the quantitative assessment of caffeic acid, coumaric acid, and ferulic acid in ethanol extracts of Kigelia africana fruits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Rahul Lalwani,
  • Kunjan Bodiwala,
  • Anuradha Gajjar

摘要

Kigelia africana, a tree indigenous to Africa and also found in eastern and southern India, has demonstrated antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to quantify the levels of phenolic compounds—specifically caffeic acid (CA), coumaric acid (COA), and ferulic acid (FA)—in the ethanolic fruit extract of K. africana using a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. The method was developed and validated following the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2(R1) guidelines. The validation results indicated that the method is linear (for CA: 200‒1200 ng/band, for COA: 50‒300 ng/band, and for FA: 200‒1200 ng/band), specific, precise, and accurate, with recoveries ranging from 98% to 102%. It exhibited high sensitivity with a low limit of detection and quantification, and was robust with relative standard deviations (RSD) < 2% for precision and peak area. The HPTLC method successfully quantified the levels of CA, COA, and FA in the ethanolic extract of K. africana, demonstrating its effectiveness and reliability for the analysis of these bioactive compounds.