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<p>The present study aimed to develop a rapid and ecofriendly high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of three bioactive alkaloids (strychnine, brucine, and vomicine) in <i>Strychnos nux-vomica</i> seeds. The optimized mobile phase consists of ethyl acetate‒chloroform‒diethylamine (6:2:1, <i>V/V</i>), yielding <i>R</i><sub>F</sub> values of 0.29 ± 0.03 for brucine, 0.45 ± 0.04 for strychnine, and 0.74 ± 0.03 for vomicine. Scanning was carried out at λ<sub>max</sub> values of 300&#xa0;nm, 258&#xa0;nm, and 224&#xa0;nm for brucine, strychnine, and vomicine, respectively. The method was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, exhibiting excellent linearity (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.998), high sensitivity (limit of detection: 5.26–7.30&#xa0;ng; limit of quantification: 15.94–22.14&#xa0;ng), precision (relative standard deviation &lt; 1.82%), and accuracy (mean recovery: 99.18–100.21%). Its environmental sustainability was assessed using the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Greenness Metric Approach (AGREE), Analytical Greenness Metric Approach for sample preparation (AGREEprep), and Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) metrics, confirming its ecofriendliness through reduced energy consumption, solvent waste, and shorter runtime. The developed HPTLC method is in line with the principles of green analytical chemistry and provides a sustainable, dependable, and effective analytical instrument for evaluating the quality of <i>S. nux-vomica</i> raw materials and finished formulations.</p>

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A rapid, ecofriendly, high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the quantification of three bioactive compounds in Strychnos nux-vomica L.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Naimish Purohit,
  • Adarsh Tiwari,
  • Mridul Kant Chaudhary,
  • Rabinarayan Acharya,
  • Sharad Srivastava

摘要

The present study aimed to develop a rapid and ecofriendly high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of three bioactive alkaloids (strychnine, brucine, and vomicine) in Strychnos nux-vomica seeds. The optimized mobile phase consists of ethyl acetate‒chloroform‒diethylamine (6:2:1, V/V), yielding RF values of 0.29 ± 0.03 for brucine, 0.45 ± 0.04 for strychnine, and 0.74 ± 0.03 for vomicine. Scanning was carried out at λmax values of 300 nm, 258 nm, and 224 nm for brucine, strychnine, and vomicine, respectively. The method was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, exhibiting excellent linearity (r2 > 0.998), high sensitivity (limit of detection: 5.26–7.30 ng; limit of quantification: 15.94–22.14 ng), precision (relative standard deviation < 1.82%), and accuracy (mean recovery: 99.18–100.21%). Its environmental sustainability was assessed using the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Greenness Metric Approach (AGREE), Analytical Greenness Metric Approach for sample preparation (AGREEprep), and Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) metrics, confirming its ecofriendliness through reduced energy consumption, solvent waste, and shorter runtime. The developed HPTLC method is in line with the principles of green analytical chemistry and provides a sustainable, dependable, and effective analytical instrument for evaluating the quality of S. nux-vomica raw materials and finished formulations.