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Background <p>The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has markedly improved the prognosis of malignant melanoma and resulted in a&#xa0;growing population of long-term survivors. At the same time, psychosocial burdens associated with immunotherapy arise.</p> Objective <p>This review aims to describe the prevalence and characteristics of psychosocial burdens during immunotherapy, to analyze the current care situation, and to derive practice-relevant recommendations.</p> Materials and methods <p>A&#xa0;narrative review was conducted based on current literature addressing the psychosocial aspects of immunotherapy in malignant melanoma, with a&#xa0;focus on adverse effects and psychosocial consequences.</p> Results <p>Psychosocial burdens are common among affected patients. Fatigue affects 15–90% of patients and frequently persists beyond the end of treatment. Immune-related adverse events occur in 86–96% of patients, and visible physical changes in particular are of psychosocial relevance. The prevalence of clinically relevant anxiety (8–30%) and depressive symptoms (15–19%) is high. Although 32–52% of patients report a&#xa0;need for psychosocial support, only 14–15% receive appropriate services.</p> Conclusion <p>Early, structured, and interprofessional psychosocial care that integrates routine screening with proactive patient-centered communication and evidence-based interventions is essential. Stepped-care concepts represent a&#xa0;practical implementation approach. Current evidence highlights the need for melanoma-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as well as for long-term studies on psychosocial outcomes.</p>

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Psychosoziale Aspekte und Herausforderungen bei Immuntherapien des malignen Melanoms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Hendrik Mothes,
  • Frank Meiss

摘要

Background

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has markedly improved the prognosis of malignant melanoma and resulted in a growing population of long-term survivors. At the same time, psychosocial burdens associated with immunotherapy arise.

Objective

This review aims to describe the prevalence and characteristics of psychosocial burdens during immunotherapy, to analyze the current care situation, and to derive practice-relevant recommendations.

Materials and methods

A narrative review was conducted based on current literature addressing the psychosocial aspects of immunotherapy in malignant melanoma, with a focus on adverse effects and psychosocial consequences.

Results

Psychosocial burdens are common among affected patients. Fatigue affects 15–90% of patients and frequently persists beyond the end of treatment. Immune-related adverse events occur in 86–96% of patients, and visible physical changes in particular are of psychosocial relevance. The prevalence of clinically relevant anxiety (8–30%) and depressive symptoms (15–19%) is high. Although 32–52% of patients report a need for psychosocial support, only 14–15% receive appropriate services.

Conclusion

Early, structured, and interprofessional psychosocial care that integrates routine screening with proactive patient-centered communication and evidence-based interventions is essential. Stepped-care concepts represent a practical implementation approach. Current evidence highlights the need for melanoma-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as well as for long-term studies on psychosocial outcomes.