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Background <p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is a&#xa0;potentially curative therapeutic option for several hematologic neoplasms. Important prognostic factors include patients’ fitness and nutritional status.</p> Methods and objective <p>Based on a&#xa0;literature review, we summarize the current knowledge on tools to assess fitness and nutritional status as well as prehabilitative interventions prior to allogeneic HCT.</p> Results <p>Based on the methods of geriatric assessments, the HCT frailty scale (HCT-FS) provides an opportunity to more objectively assess patients’ fitness. Frailty as defined by the HCT-FS is associated with a&#xa0;poorer prognosis. Outpatient physical training in the weeks prior to admission to the HCT unit can improve patients’ cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce frailty. The risk of malnutrition in patients undergoing allogeneic HCT is high. Malnutrition promotes inflammation, sarcopenia, and frailty. Since weight loss between diagnosis and HCT is associated with a&#xa0;poorer prognosis, adequate energy and protein intake should be ensured. The combination of exercise and targeted protein supplementation shows positive effects on muscle growth and fitness. In addition, liberalizing previously strict protective dietary precautions during the neutropenic phase helps to mitigate weight loss without increasing the risk of infections.</p> Conclusion <p>Prehabilitation in the form of physical exercise and nutritional interventions prior to HCT may help to prevent malnutrition and sarcopenia, improve fitness, and thereby improve long-term prognosis.</p>

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Prähabilitation vor einer allogenen Blutstammzelltransplantation bei hämatologischen Neoplasien

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Sofia Voigt,
  • Lars Selig,
  • Haiko Schlögl,
  • Klaus H. Metzeler,
  • Madlen Jentzsch,
  • Jule Ussmann

摘要

Background

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapeutic option for several hematologic neoplasms. Important prognostic factors include patients’ fitness and nutritional status.

Methods and objective

Based on a literature review, we summarize the current knowledge on tools to assess fitness and nutritional status as well as prehabilitative interventions prior to allogeneic HCT.

Results

Based on the methods of geriatric assessments, the HCT frailty scale (HCT-FS) provides an opportunity to more objectively assess patients’ fitness. Frailty as defined by the HCT-FS is associated with a poorer prognosis. Outpatient physical training in the weeks prior to admission to the HCT unit can improve patients’ cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce frailty. The risk of malnutrition in patients undergoing allogeneic HCT is high. Malnutrition promotes inflammation, sarcopenia, and frailty. Since weight loss between diagnosis and HCT is associated with a poorer prognosis, adequate energy and protein intake should be ensured. The combination of exercise and targeted protein supplementation shows positive effects on muscle growth and fitness. In addition, liberalizing previously strict protective dietary precautions during the neutropenic phase helps to mitigate weight loss without increasing the risk of infections.

Conclusion

Prehabilitation in the form of physical exercise and nutritional interventions prior to HCT may help to prevent malnutrition and sarcopenia, improve fitness, and thereby improve long-term prognosis.