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Background <p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cell therapy has fundamentally transformed the treatment landscape for hematological cancers, utilizing genetically engineered patient-derived T&#xa0;cells to specifically target cancer cells.</p> Objectives <p>This article aims to review the current status of CAR T‑cell therapy, highlighting clinical applications, challenges, and future directions, particularly addressing efficacy in hematological and solid tumors.</p> Materials and methods <p>A&#xa0;comprehensive review and structured analysis of recent clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and relevant preclinical developments was performed.</p> Results <p>CAR T‑cells demonstrate impressive clinical successes, particularly in refractory hematological malignancies, with steadily increasing indications and application in earlier treatment lines. However, challenges remain, including relapse due to antigen escape, limited persistence, or immunosuppressive microenvironment. In solid tumors, effectiveness remains limited, prompting ongoing trials of novel CAR constructs such as TRUCKs (T cells redirected for antigen-unrestricted cytokine-initiated killing).</p> Conclusion <p>To further enhance therapeutic efficacy, personalized strategies, optimized CAR designs, and universal allogeneic CAR T‑cell products are essential. The coming years will determine how these innovations will broaden and sustainably establish CAR T‑cell therapy in clinical practice.</p>

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CAR-T-Zell-Therapie

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月3日

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  • Dimitrios Mougiakakos

摘要

Background

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cell therapy has fundamentally transformed the treatment landscape for hematological cancers, utilizing genetically engineered patient-derived T cells to specifically target cancer cells.

Objectives

This article aims to review the current status of CAR T‑cell therapy, highlighting clinical applications, challenges, and future directions, particularly addressing efficacy in hematological and solid tumors.

Materials and methods

A comprehensive review and structured analysis of recent clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and relevant preclinical developments was performed.

Results

CAR T‑cells demonstrate impressive clinical successes, particularly in refractory hematological malignancies, with steadily increasing indications and application in earlier treatment lines. However, challenges remain, including relapse due to antigen escape, limited persistence, or immunosuppressive microenvironment. In solid tumors, effectiveness remains limited, prompting ongoing trials of novel CAR constructs such as TRUCKs (T cells redirected for antigen-unrestricted cytokine-initiated killing).

Conclusion

To further enhance therapeutic efficacy, personalized strategies, optimized CAR designs, and universal allogeneic CAR T‑cell products are essential. The coming years will determine how these innovations will broaden and sustainably establish CAR T‑cell therapy in clinical practice.