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Background <p>The importance of targeted und immunotherapies is constantly growing, which has led to a&#xa0;significant improvement in treatment outcomes. Predominantly immune checkpoint inhibitors have become established for treating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.</p> Objective <p>This article will focus on the approved immune checkpoint inhibitors, their approval studies, and their practical management in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, we will present an outlook at still experimental targets and other histological subtypes.</p> Results and conclusion <p>In addition to chemotherapy, the programmed death ligand&#xa0;1 (PD-1) inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab are approved as first-line therapy for advanced or metastatic squamous cell cancer depending on PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, a&#xa0;chemotherapy-free regimen using the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab is approved. Nivolumab or tislelizumab can be used as second-line treatment if no checkpoint inhibitor has been used previously. Esophageal adenocarcinomas are mainly treated analogously to gastric adenocarcinomas.</p>

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Immuntherapie und biologisch zielgerichtete Therapien beim fortgeschrittenen Ösophaguskarzinom

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • M. Bischof,
  • B. Kobitzsch,
  • U. T. Hacker,
  • G. Stocker,
  • F. Lordick

摘要

Background

The importance of targeted und immunotherapies is constantly growing, which has led to a significant improvement in treatment outcomes. Predominantly immune checkpoint inhibitors have become established for treating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective

This article will focus on the approved immune checkpoint inhibitors, their approval studies, and their practical management in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, we will present an outlook at still experimental targets and other histological subtypes.

Results and conclusion

In addition to chemotherapy, the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1) inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab are approved as first-line therapy for advanced or metastatic squamous cell cancer depending on PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, a chemotherapy-free regimen using the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab is approved. Nivolumab or tislelizumab can be used as second-line treatment if no checkpoint inhibitor has been used previously. Esophageal adenocarcinomas are mainly treated analogously to gastric adenocarcinomas.