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<p>Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) comprises a&#xa0;heterogenous group of autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system that are associated with antineuronal surface antibodies and characterized by good response to immunotherapy. Up to 60% of patients with AIE can present with prominent psychotic symptoms such as delusions, anxiety, or optical or acoustic hallucinations. An algorithmic approach based on yellow and red flags involving clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) studies is a&#xa0;sensitive tool to identify patients with AIE presenting with psychotic symptoms. Importantly, the paraclinical test results should always be interpreted in a&#xa0;clinical context, taking all available evidence into account to avoid misdiagnoses and exclude other relevant diseases.</p>

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Psychiatrische Symptome bei Autoimmunenzephalitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Romana Höftberger,
  • Nilufar Mossaheb

摘要

Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) comprises a heterogenous group of autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system that are associated with antineuronal surface antibodies and characterized by good response to immunotherapy. Up to 60% of patients with AIE can present with prominent psychotic symptoms such as delusions, anxiety, or optical or acoustic hallucinations. An algorithmic approach based on yellow and red flags involving clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) studies is a sensitive tool to identify patients with AIE presenting with psychotic symptoms. Importantly, the paraclinical test results should always be interpreted in a clinical context, taking all available evidence into account to avoid misdiagnoses and exclude other relevant diseases.