<p>The jeppeite group, approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA-CNMNC), comprises natural hexatitanate minerals with the general crystal-chemical formula <sup>VIII</sup><i>A</i><sub>2</sub><sup>VI</sup><i>M</i><sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>. Currently, three species are recognised: jeppeite K<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>, nixonite Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>, and hopmannite Ba<sub>2</sub>(Ti<sub>5</sub>Fe)O<sub>13</sub>. In natural compositions, the polyhedral <i>A</i> site is occupied by the monovalent Na and K, and by the divalent Ba, Ca and Sr, whereas the octahedral <i>M</i> sites are predominantly occupied by Ti<sup>4+</sup> with possible substitutions by Nb<sup>5+</sup>, Zr<sup>4+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, V<sup>3+</sup>, Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> or Mn<sup>2+</sup>. These compositional variations give rise to charge-balanced formula schemes, such as <i>A</i><sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup><i>M</i><sub>6</sub><sup>4+</sup>O<sub>13</sub>, characteristic for jeppeite and nixonite, and <i>A</i><sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>(<i>M</i><sub>5</sub><sup>4+</sup><i>M</i><sup>2+</sup>)<sub>Σ6</sub>O<sub>13</sub>, exemplified by hopmannite. Structurally, jeppeite-group minerals crystallise in the monoclinic system, space group <i>C</i>2/<i>m</i>. Their structure consists of an open framework built from zig-zag ribbons of <i>M</i>O<sub>6</sub> octahedra. These corner-sharing ribbons form tunnels that are partially filled, up to two-thirds, by <i>A</i>-site cations. The abundance of synthetic analogues suggests significant potential for additional natural species, which is why nomenclature guidelines have been generated to clarify the classification of future jeppeite-group minerals.</p>

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Nomenclature and classification of the jeppeite group

  • Rafał Juroszek,
  • Biljana Krüger,
  • Christof Schäfer

摘要

The jeppeite group, approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA-CNMNC), comprises natural hexatitanate minerals with the general crystal-chemical formula VIIIA2VIM6O13. Currently, three species are recognised: jeppeite K2Ti6O13, nixonite Na2Ti6O13, and hopmannite Ba2(Ti5Fe)O13. In natural compositions, the polyhedral A site is occupied by the monovalent Na and K, and by the divalent Ba, Ca and Sr, whereas the octahedral M sites are predominantly occupied by Ti4+ with possible substitutions by Nb5+, Zr4+, Fe3+, V3+, Cr3+, Fe2+, Mg2+ or Mn2+. These compositional variations give rise to charge-balanced formula schemes, such as A2+M64+O13, characteristic for jeppeite and nixonite, and A22+(M54+M2+)Σ6O13, exemplified by hopmannite. Structurally, jeppeite-group minerals crystallise in the monoclinic system, space group C2/m. Their structure consists of an open framework built from zig-zag ribbons of MO6 octahedra. These corner-sharing ribbons form tunnels that are partially filled, up to two-thirds, by A-site cations. The abundance of synthetic analogues suggests significant potential for additional natural species, which is why nomenclature guidelines have been generated to clarify the classification of future jeppeite-group minerals.