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<p>This study presents an experimental investigation of the aerodynamic response of a square cylinder and a rectangular cylinder with a chord-to-depth ratio of 5, subjected to accelerating inflow. The effect of acceleration severity is analyzed for two distinct acceleration profiles—namely, a Gaussian-type and a constant-magnitude profile—and compared with results obtained under steady inflow conditions. For both geometries and acceleration types, the severity of the acceleration is progressively increased to identify the threshold beyond which the flow deviates from quasi-steady behavior, exhibiting altered flow features compared to those observed at the same Reynolds number under constant-inflow velocity. Under strong acceleration, vortex shedding reveals the presence of constant-frequency time cells, similar to those observed in experiments by Brusco et al.&#xa0;(J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 230:105182, 2022) and in numerical simulations of Lunghi et al.&#xa0;(J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 252:105814, 2024) and Morello et al.&#xa0;(Flow Turbul Combust 115(4):1585–1611, 2025), with discontinuities in the vortex shedding dynamics. For the square cylinder, the Strouhal number, averaged within these constant-frequency time cells, is constant and closely matches the values observed under steady inflow conditions at comparable Reynolds numbers. Conversely, for the rectangular cylinder, the cell-averaged Strouhal number increases significantly with Reynolds number, and the results deviate from those measured under constant-inflow conditions. This observation supports the numerical findings reported in Morello et al.&#xa0;(Flow Turbul Combust 115(4):1585-1611, 2025).</p>

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Experiments on the aerodynamic behavior of square and rectangular cylinders under accelerating inflow conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • M. Morello,
  • H.-Y. Bin,
  • G. Piccardo,
  • M. V. Salvetti,
  • A. Mariotti

摘要

This study presents an experimental investigation of the aerodynamic response of a square cylinder and a rectangular cylinder with a chord-to-depth ratio of 5, subjected to accelerating inflow. The effect of acceleration severity is analyzed for two distinct acceleration profiles—namely, a Gaussian-type and a constant-magnitude profile—and compared with results obtained under steady inflow conditions. For both geometries and acceleration types, the severity of the acceleration is progressively increased to identify the threshold beyond which the flow deviates from quasi-steady behavior, exhibiting altered flow features compared to those observed at the same Reynolds number under constant-inflow velocity. Under strong acceleration, vortex shedding reveals the presence of constant-frequency time cells, similar to those observed in experiments by Brusco et al. (J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 230:105182, 2022) and in numerical simulations of Lunghi et al. (J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 252:105814, 2024) and Morello et al. (Flow Turbul Combust 115(4):1585–1611, 2025), with discontinuities in the vortex shedding dynamics. For the square cylinder, the Strouhal number, averaged within these constant-frequency time cells, is constant and closely matches the values observed under steady inflow conditions at comparable Reynolds numbers. Conversely, for the rectangular cylinder, the cell-averaged Strouhal number increases significantly with Reynolds number, and the results deviate from those measured under constant-inflow conditions. This observation supports the numerical findings reported in Morello et al. (Flow Turbul Combust 115(4):1585-1611, 2025).