<p>An important area of research in the field of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (ALIBs) is the development of effective electrolytes capable of providing high cycling stability of aqueous systems. One of the key factors determining the cycling performance of ALIBs is the formation of a stable electrode–electrolyte interface, which can be achieved by adding an organic solvent to the aqueous electrolyte. In this study, ternary electrolytes of the composition Li<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>–water–tetraglyme with different H<sub>2</sub>O/TG ratios at a salt concentration of 2&#xa0;mol&#xa0;dm<sup>−3</sup> were investigated. Electrochemical studies revealed that the presence of TG in the electrolyte substantially enhances the cycling performance of the LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> electrode, achieving capacity retention of up to 60% after 430 cycles at charge/discharge rates of 3/1.5 C and exhibiting excellent rate capability. Impedance spectra obtained at different cycles confirm the crucial role of a stable SEI with low charge transfer resistance, formed in the presence of TG, in ensuring the high stability of the specific characteristics of LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> during cycling. The values of the lithium diffusion coefficient in LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with different electrolytes, calculated by the Randles–Sevcik equation, are very close and range from 6.01 × 10<sup>−10</sup> to 1.40 × 10<sup>−9</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of tetraglyme on electrochemical characteristics of LiMn2O4 in aqueous electrolyte Li2SO4–water–tetraglyme

  • Yurii V. Shmatok,
  • Volodymyr V. Trachevskii,
  • Nataliya I. Globa

摘要

An important area of research in the field of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (ALIBs) is the development of effective electrolytes capable of providing high cycling stability of aqueous systems. One of the key factors determining the cycling performance of ALIBs is the formation of a stable electrode–electrolyte interface, which can be achieved by adding an organic solvent to the aqueous electrolyte. In this study, ternary electrolytes of the composition Li2SO4–water–tetraglyme with different H2O/TG ratios at a salt concentration of 2 mol dm−3 were investigated. Electrochemical studies revealed that the presence of TG in the electrolyte substantially enhances the cycling performance of the LiMn2O4 electrode, achieving capacity retention of up to 60% after 430 cycles at charge/discharge rates of 3/1.5 C and exhibiting excellent rate capability. Impedance spectra obtained at different cycles confirm the crucial role of a stable SEI with low charge transfer resistance, formed in the presence of TG, in ensuring the high stability of the specific characteristics of LiMn2O4 during cycling. The values of the lithium diffusion coefficient in LiMn2O4 with different electrolytes, calculated by the Randles–Sevcik equation, are very close and range from 6.01 × 10−10 to 1.40 × 10−9 cm2 s−1.

Graphical abstract