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<p>This study investigates the wavelength-dependent reactivity of the three germanium-based type I photoinitiators bis(4-methoxybenzoyl)diethylgermane (Ivocerin®), tris(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)ethylgermane, and tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane. By systematically varying LED wavelengths from 365 to 495&#xa0;nm, we quantify quantum efficiencies/absorbance and correlate them with the photobleaching behavior and penetration depths. The results highlight the crucial relationship between the emission profile of the light source and the efficiency of the photoinitiators. These insights are particularly relevant for optimizing light-driven processes in applications such as biomedical printing, adhesives, and spatially controlled polymerization.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Wavelength-dependent reactivity of germanium-based photoinitiators

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月17日

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  • Max Schmallegger,
  • Dmytro Neshchadin,
  • Hilde Freißmuth,
  • Thomas Lainer,
  • Mathias Wiech,
  • Georg Gescheidt,
  • Michael Haas

摘要

This study investigates the wavelength-dependent reactivity of the three germanium-based type I photoinitiators bis(4-methoxybenzoyl)diethylgermane (Ivocerin®), tris(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)ethylgermane, and tetrakis(2-methylbenzoyl)germane. By systematically varying LED wavelengths from 365 to 495 nm, we quantify quantum efficiencies/absorbance and correlate them with the photobleaching behavior and penetration depths. The results highlight the crucial relationship between the emission profile of the light source and the efficiency of the photoinitiators. These insights are particularly relevant for optimizing light-driven processes in applications such as biomedical printing, adhesives, and spatially controlled polymerization.

Graphical Abstract