<p>Large-scale atmospheric circulation is often associated with vegetation activity through changes in regional temperature and moisture conditions. This study examined the relationship between the Eurasian Zonal Circulation Index (EZCI) and vegetation activity across the mid- to high-latitude Eurasian study domain from 1982 to 2020 using AVHRR NDVI and reanalysis-based meteorological data. Detrended correlation and composite analyses were applied to assess the spatial and latitudinal responses of NDVI under different EZCI conditions. At the continental scale, the relationship between EZCI and growing-season NDVI was weak and not statistically significant, but a clear latitudinal pattern was identified. The EZCI–NDVI relationship changed sign around 55°N. North of approximately 55°N, NDVI was generally negatively correlated with EZCI, and significant negative correlations formed a relatively continuous belt across northern Eurasia. In contrast, the mid-latitudes showed weaker and more spatially fragmented responses. Composite analyses showed that high-EZCI years were associated with widespread negative NDVI anomalies in northern Eurasia, whereas low-EZCI years were associated with broadly positive NDVI anomalies. These vegetation anomalies corresponded to changes in surface temperature, soil temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture, suggesting that EZCI related vegetation responses are linked to regional hydrothermal conditions. Overall, the relationship between EZCI and Eurasian vegetation activity is spatially heterogeneous and latitude-dependent. Vegetation north of approximately 55°N appears to be more closely associated with thermal conditions, whereas vegetation at lower latitudes appears to be more closely associated with precipitation and soil conditions.</p>