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<p>Flood risk in coastal urban basins is increasingly influenced by the interaction of fluvial, urban, and coastal processes under changing climatic conditions. However, these drivers are often assessed independently, limiting the understanding of compound flooding. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated multi-hazard framework to assess flood vulnerability in the Cooum River basin, Chennai, India. Fluvial flood hazard was derived from Joint Research Centre (JRC) global flood datasets for multiple return periods (10–500 years), urban flood hazard was mapped from historical rainfall-driven events using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and machine learning-based classification, and coastal flooding was assessed using cyclone-induced inundation scenarios. Precipitation inputs were derived from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), and cyclone characteristics were obtained from established meteorological datasets, representing key hydrometeorological drivers of flooding. These datasets represent climate variability and extreme hydrometeorological events; however, uncertainty arises due to the coarse spatial resolution of global datasets and the use of static inundation approaches, which may not fully capture dynamic flood processes. (1) The results indicate that urban flooding is the dominant contributor to basin-wide risk (47.6% high risk), (2) while fluvial flood risk remains comparatively limited (0.2–0.7% high risk). (3) Coastal flooding is spatially confined, with individual cyclone events affecting ~ 1.5–1.6% of the basin. (4) The composite flood vulnerability scenarios RP10, RP100, and RP500 combined with urban and coastal flooding show a gradual increase in high-risk areas from 23.6% to 25.5%, indicating intensification under higher fluvial conditions. (5) Compound analysis further reveals that 17.0% of the basin is exposed to multiple flood drivers, dominated by fluvial–urban interaction (16.6%). Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of integrated multi-hazard approaches for climate-resilient urban planning and flood mitigation.</p>

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Characterization of multifaceted and compound flood risks for advancing flood resilience in the Cooum River Basin, Chennai, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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  • Adeline Arputha Olivia P.,
  • Krishnaveni M.

摘要

Flood risk in coastal urban basins is increasingly influenced by the interaction of fluvial, urban, and coastal processes under changing climatic conditions. However, these drivers are often assessed independently, limiting the understanding of compound flooding. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated multi-hazard framework to assess flood vulnerability in the Cooum River basin, Chennai, India. Fluvial flood hazard was derived from Joint Research Centre (JRC) global flood datasets for multiple return periods (10–500 years), urban flood hazard was mapped from historical rainfall-driven events using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and machine learning-based classification, and coastal flooding was assessed using cyclone-induced inundation scenarios. Precipitation inputs were derived from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), and cyclone characteristics were obtained from established meteorological datasets, representing key hydrometeorological drivers of flooding. These datasets represent climate variability and extreme hydrometeorological events; however, uncertainty arises due to the coarse spatial resolution of global datasets and the use of static inundation approaches, which may not fully capture dynamic flood processes. (1) The results indicate that urban flooding is the dominant contributor to basin-wide risk (47.6% high risk), (2) while fluvial flood risk remains comparatively limited (0.2–0.7% high risk). (3) Coastal flooding is spatially confined, with individual cyclone events affecting ~ 1.5–1.6% of the basin. (4) The composite flood vulnerability scenarios RP10, RP100, and RP500 combined with urban and coastal flooding show a gradual increase in high-risk areas from 23.6% to 25.5%, indicating intensification under higher fluvial conditions. (5) Compound analysis further reveals that 17.0% of the basin is exposed to multiple flood drivers, dominated by fluvial–urban interaction (16.6%). Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of integrated multi-hazard approaches for climate-resilient urban planning and flood mitigation.