<p>In recent years, the rapid expansion of the civil aviation sector in Türkiye has increased the significance of aircraft-related emissions as a critical research topic due to their impacts on local air quality and climate change. Despite the growing number of studies addressing this issue, the existing literature remains methodologically fragmented in terms of analytical approaches, spatial scale, and operational scope. Accordingly, this study aims to provide a comprehensive literature assessment through a systematic review of emission calculation studies conducted in Türkiye. Within this framework, the reviewed studies are classified into several categories, including airport-scale analyses based on the landing–takeoff (LTO) cycle, multi-airport and national emission inventories, flight-phase modeling approaches utilizing real operational data, and integrated environmental–economic system assessments. Comparative evaluation of the reviewed studies indicates that most airport-based emission analyses in Türkiye focus primarily on LTO-cycle emissions, where CO₂ constitutes the dominant greenhouse gas, NOₓ emissions increase during takeoff and climb phases, and CO and HC emissions are concentrated during taxi operations. In contrast, cruise-phase emissions and network-scale environmental impacts remain comparatively underexplored. Recent studies also emphasize that methodologies relying solely on standard assumptions may lead to significant uncertainties, whereas the integration of real operational data substantially improves the accuracy of emission estimations. By comparatively evaluating methodological approaches, operational scopes, and analytical limitations in the reviewed studies, this review identifies major research gaps and proposes a structured reference framework for future aircraft emission studies conducted in Türkiye.</p>