Performance evaluation and ranking of twenty-five high-resolution global gridded precipitation products using statistical and six multi- criteria decision-making methods in the semiarid region of Eastern India
摘要
Despite the availability of several global gridded precipitation products (GPPs) due to technological advancements, their accuracy varies significantly around the world. These products often either overestimate or underestimate precipitation amounts due to considerable uncertainty. Therefore, it is essential to assess them before using them in hydrological and meteorological studies. To resolve the regional monsoon climate of three rain-fed river basins in Eastern India, the efficacy and credibility of 25 publicly accessible GPPs are thoroughly examined and compared to the GPPs of India Meteorological Department (IMD). The performance is checked daily, monthly, yearly, and four seasonal scales using 13 continuous metrics. At the same time, the capacity of GPPs to identify rainfall against IMD gridded data is assessed using 11 categorical metrics. The entropy method is used to determine weights, and six distinct multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, including VIKOR, MOORA, GRA, COPRAS, COCOSO, and TOPSIS, are applied to rank the GPPs. The final ranking of GPPs is obtained using a weighting approach based on Spearman’s rank correlation. GPCC and IMERG Final outperform other datasets in continuous metrics, with higher NSE (> 0.50), CC (> 0.70), R² (> 0.50), KGE (> 0.70), and lower RMSE values. ERA5 consistently ranks in the top five across all scales, except for winter and post-monsoon, with higher NSE with CC and minimal RMSE values. NASA Power shows consistent daily performance, with the lowest FAR, highest POD, and an accuracy of 0.87 followed by MERRA-2 and ERA5. This study identifies that IMERG Final, GPCC, ERA5, NASA Power, and TERRA are the best performers based on continuous metrics and the final ranking. Exception for winter, JRA3Q and JRA55 rank as the worst-performing GPPs in most MCDM methods. The GPCC product is a highly effective substitute for gauge-based measures and can be utilized in hydro-meteorological studies.