<p>Coastal Bengal is one of India’s most vulnerable regions, frequently affected by severe cyclonic storms. Notably, during the early 20^th century, the frequency of cyclones in Bengal increased. Official records document significant cyclones in 1901, 1902, 1904, 1909, 1914, 1916, 1919, 1926, and 1942. Among these, the cyclone in 1919 was particularly intense, featuring an exceptionally high storm surge. This article explores the historical context of the 1919 cyclone in Bengal. It focuses on two main topics: the cyclone’s formation and path, leading to its landfall in the province, and the effects of its destructive winds and high storm surges. The discussion highlights both the physical and human impacts of the cyclone, examining the resulting societal crises. Particularly, the account emphasises the significant human casualties that occurred. Secondly, the article addresses several aspects of the assistance provided to survivors and how the colonial administration managed the crisis. To grasp these issues, it is important to evaluate both the effectiveness of the government’s relief efforts and the colonial state’s approach to recovery. These questions are essential for reassessing the impact of the 1919 cyclone. Key note: cyclone, Bengal, colonial administration, relief.</p>