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<p>This study employs an extensive dataset that includes monthly precipitation and temperature records from six national basic stations in central Hexi Corridor spanning 1967–2023, the Heihe River runoff data, the satellite images from FY-3D/MERSI and GF-1, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) monthly reanalysis data, as well as a total of 88 atmospheric circulation indices and 26 sea surface temperature (SST) indices from the National Climate Center (NCC). And employed various methods, including meteorological statistical analysis, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (TVDI), and correlation analysis. Through these methods, it analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme high temperature and drought, and associated impacts from May to September 2023 in the central Hexi Corridor. Additionally, the study examined the anomalous response of extreme drought to atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature in key regions. The results reveal that from May to September 2023, both average temperature and precipitation in central Hexi Corridor reached new historical extremes, with temperature reaching a record high and precipitation hitting a record low. The SPI and SPEI values reveal that both indices in 2023 exceeded historical extremes, reaching record lows. The extreme drought was associated with distinct circulation anomalies, with a " +—+ " circulation pattern at 500&#xa0;hPa across East Asia from high to low latitudes, high-pressure blocking occurred near Lake Baikal or the Sea of Okhotsk, westerly flow divides, enhancing meridional circulation and suppressing the subtropical front, with a circulation pattern featuring one trough and one ridge in the mid-to-high latitude westerly belt of Asia, with the Okhotsk High being the primary driver, Additionally, negative anomalies were present at middle and low latitudes in Asia, and the polar vortex area in the Northern Hemisphere and Asia being small and the area index negatively deviating from normal. The Indian Peninsula showed weak positive anomalies, and the South Asian High’s eastward extension was positioned farther east. In the low-latitude western Pacific, positive anomalies were observed, with the West Pacific subtropical high positioned farther south, exhibiting lower intensity and an eastward ridge. The center of the subtropical high pressure is on the low-latitude ocean surface. Meanwhile, SST anomalies featured warmer-than-normal conditions in the Niño 3 and West Wind Drift regions and cooler-than-normal conditions in the Kuroshio region.</p>

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Study on the characteristics and formation mechanism of extreme heat and drought in central Hexi Corridor, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月4日

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  • Honglan Liu,
  • Tingjia Zhang,
  • Qiang Zhang,
  • Junguo Zhang,
  • Chao Chu,
  • Xueyu Liu,
  • Haiying Guo,
  • Shuzhen Wang,
  • Haibo Wang

摘要

This study employs an extensive dataset that includes monthly precipitation and temperature records from six national basic stations in central Hexi Corridor spanning 1967–2023, the Heihe River runoff data, the satellite images from FY-3D/MERSI and GF-1, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) monthly reanalysis data, as well as a total of 88 atmospheric circulation indices and 26 sea surface temperature (SST) indices from the National Climate Center (NCC). And employed various methods, including meteorological statistical analysis, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (TVDI), and correlation analysis. Through these methods, it analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme high temperature and drought, and associated impacts from May to September 2023 in the central Hexi Corridor. Additionally, the study examined the anomalous response of extreme drought to atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature in key regions. The results reveal that from May to September 2023, both average temperature and precipitation in central Hexi Corridor reached new historical extremes, with temperature reaching a record high and precipitation hitting a record low. The SPI and SPEI values reveal that both indices in 2023 exceeded historical extremes, reaching record lows. The extreme drought was associated with distinct circulation anomalies, with a " +—+ " circulation pattern at 500 hPa across East Asia from high to low latitudes, high-pressure blocking occurred near Lake Baikal or the Sea of Okhotsk, westerly flow divides, enhancing meridional circulation and suppressing the subtropical front, with a circulation pattern featuring one trough and one ridge in the mid-to-high latitude westerly belt of Asia, with the Okhotsk High being the primary driver, Additionally, negative anomalies were present at middle and low latitudes in Asia, and the polar vortex area in the Northern Hemisphere and Asia being small and the area index negatively deviating from normal. The Indian Peninsula showed weak positive anomalies, and the South Asian High’s eastward extension was positioned farther east. In the low-latitude western Pacific, positive anomalies were observed, with the West Pacific subtropical high positioned farther south, exhibiting lower intensity and an eastward ridge. The center of the subtropical high pressure is on the low-latitude ocean surface. Meanwhile, SST anomalies featured warmer-than-normal conditions in the Niño 3 and West Wind Drift regions and cooler-than-normal conditions in the Kuroshio region.