Delimitation of topoclimatic units in the Aparados da Serra National Park region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
摘要
The topoclimatic scale aims to understand the relationship between climatic attributes (temperature, air humidity, in particular) and climate controls (altitude, land use and cover, terrain orientation, slope, among others). This paper sought to delimit the topoclimatic units (TUs) for the Rio do Boi watershed, located in the Aparados da Serra National Park (Brazil). For this research, air temperature and absolute humidity data calculated from six weather shelters installed at different altitudes were used. The spatialization of temperature and absolute humidity data was carried out (for maximum, mean, and minimum values). The delimitation of topoclimatic units was carried out by superimposing the values and arrangement of isohyets and isohygras, considering the altitude, slope and orientation of the relief forms. Six TUs were delimited. The results showed that the Reduced Altitude TUs recorded higher values of mean air temperature (16.1 °C to 19.6 °C) and mean absolute humidity (10.9 g/m2 to 11.8 g/m2). The Canyon, Altitude, and Valley at Altitude TUs had a mean air temperature varying from 17.9 °C to 21.5 °C, 17.0 °C to 17.8 °C, and 17.0 °C to 18.7 °C, respectively. The topoclimatic research for this location was unprecedented and its priority was to provide information on the region’s topoclimate, contributing to the park’s administration and management plan. In this context, the study highlights the importance of incorporating topoclimatic research into high-altitude regions in order to improve the understanding of local climatic patterns, particularly within parks and protected areas.