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<p>Rainfall variation over central India plays an important role in the climatic conditions of Indian subcontinent as well as groundwater dynamic scenario of central India. An attempt has been made to study the spatio-temporal variation and trend analysis using rainfall data for last 26 years with drought analysis for six divisions from Maharashtra state, as rainfall variation plays an important role in climatic conditions as well as groundwater dynamics in the area. The divisions receive an annual rainfall in the range of 667 to 2966&#xa0;mm and are underlain predominantly by basalt rocks, The annual rainfall trend analysis for last 26 years (1998–2023) shows rising trends for Konkan, Nagpur and Aurangabad @ 24.89&#xa0;mm/year, 2.74&#xa0;mm/year and −1.99&#xa0;mm/year, respectively and decreasing trends for Nashik, Pune and Amravathi @ −3.93&#xa0;mm/year, −8.00&#xa0;mm/year and − 0.24&#xa0;mm/year respectively. The seasonal rainfall analysis shows peculiar variation with notable departure from climatic rainfall values. Southwest (SW) monsoon rainfall being the major contributor to the annual rainfall of State exhibited significant variability during the study period. The analysis of southwest monsoon rainfall from 1998 to 2023 reveals a declining trend across all divisions except Nagpur and Konkan. However, during the more recent period of 2014 to 2023, a statistically significant and marked strengthening of monsoon rainfall is observed across all divisions. Global climatic events such as El Niño/La Niña play an important role in controlling drought years. Despite being linked to strong El Niño years, the State experienced a significant increase in monsoon rainfall from 2014 to 2023. Strong rising rainfall trend is observed in Nagpur division followed by Aurangabad, Konkan, Amravati, Nashik and Pune divisions. Groundwater level in Maharashtra state varies during pre- and post-monsoon periods with deeper water levels in pre-monsoon and shallower during post-monsoon periods. Rainfall plays a crucial role in boosting groundwater recharge, significantly affecting the depth variability of water levels. Analysis of groundwater trends from 2014 to 2023 reveals majority of the region is experiencing a rising trend, driven by increased rainfall and enhanced rainwater recharge.</p>

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Long-term monsoon rainfall variability (1998–2023) and its impact on groundwater level dynamics in Maharashtra state

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月29日

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  • P. Kiran Kumar,
  • Pandith Madhnure,
  • Bhushan R. Lamsoge

摘要

Rainfall variation over central India plays an important role in the climatic conditions of Indian subcontinent as well as groundwater dynamic scenario of central India. An attempt has been made to study the spatio-temporal variation and trend analysis using rainfall data for last 26 years with drought analysis for six divisions from Maharashtra state, as rainfall variation plays an important role in climatic conditions as well as groundwater dynamics in the area. The divisions receive an annual rainfall in the range of 667 to 2966 mm and are underlain predominantly by basalt rocks, The annual rainfall trend analysis for last 26 years (1998–2023) shows rising trends for Konkan, Nagpur and Aurangabad @ 24.89 mm/year, 2.74 mm/year and −1.99 mm/year, respectively and decreasing trends for Nashik, Pune and Amravathi @ −3.93 mm/year, −8.00 mm/year and − 0.24 mm/year respectively. The seasonal rainfall analysis shows peculiar variation with notable departure from climatic rainfall values. Southwest (SW) monsoon rainfall being the major contributor to the annual rainfall of State exhibited significant variability during the study period. The analysis of southwest monsoon rainfall from 1998 to 2023 reveals a declining trend across all divisions except Nagpur and Konkan. However, during the more recent period of 2014 to 2023, a statistically significant and marked strengthening of monsoon rainfall is observed across all divisions. Global climatic events such as El Niño/La Niña play an important role in controlling drought years. Despite being linked to strong El Niño years, the State experienced a significant increase in monsoon rainfall from 2014 to 2023. Strong rising rainfall trend is observed in Nagpur division followed by Aurangabad, Konkan, Amravati, Nashik and Pune divisions. Groundwater level in Maharashtra state varies during pre- and post-monsoon periods with deeper water levels in pre-monsoon and shallower during post-monsoon periods. Rainfall plays a crucial role in boosting groundwater recharge, significantly affecting the depth variability of water levels. Analysis of groundwater trends from 2014 to 2023 reveals majority of the region is experiencing a rising trend, driven by increased rainfall and enhanced rainwater recharge.