<p>The amount of energy released by the sun, and received to our planet is the most abundant. Moreover, with proper collection, a single hour of sunlight has the potential to fulfill the entire world’s energy requirements. The primary objective of this research is to assess the performance of a photovoltaic module under two distinct climatic conditions in Morocco, with the aim of studying and enhancing the energy production of the examined PV system, by proposing a comprehensive energy analysis applicable to the relevant system. The research sites selected for this investigation are located in the regions of Agadir and Errachidia. The performance analysis relies on establishing an energy balance between the different elements that constitute the photovoltaic module. A numerical approach used considers heat exchange coefficients and diverse meteorological parameters specific to each location examined within this research. This study evaluated how distinct climatic attributes in each region influenced the efficiency of the PV module. The results show that the average daily electrical efficiency is <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="704_2025_5488_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$14.38\%$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>14.38</mn> <mo>%</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for Agadir and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="704_2025_5488_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$13.41\%$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>13.41</mn> <mo>%</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for Errachidia. In terms of the environmental aspect, the findings also indicate that PV installations have the potential to decrease annual <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="704_2025_5488_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="34" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$CO_{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> emissions by approximately 192.94 <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="704_2025_5488_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$kg~CO_{2}/m^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the Errachidia site and 185.74 <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="704_2025_5488_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$kg~CO_{2}/m^{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>C</mi> <msub> <mi>O</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the Agadir site. Additionally, the fluctuations in monthly electrical energy in both locations were examined and discussed in this research.</p>

Dynamic thermal analysis comparing the energy efficiency of a photovoltaic module under varying meteorological conditions at two distinct Moroccan sites

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年4月28日

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Mohamed Ahliouati,
Rabie El Otmani,
Khalid Kandoussi,
M’Hamed Boutaous

摘要

The amount of energy released by the sun, and received to our planet is the most abundant. Moreover, with proper collection, a single hour of sunlight has the potential to fulfill the entire world’s energy requirements. The primary objective of this research is to assess the performance of a photovoltaic module under two distinct climatic conditions in Morocco, with the aim of studying and enhancing the energy production of the examined PV system, by proposing a comprehensive energy analysis applicable to the relevant system. The research sites selected for this investigation are located in the regions of Agadir and Errachidia. The performance analysis relies on establishing an energy balance between the different elements that constitute the photovoltaic module. A numerical approach used considers heat exchange coefficients and diverse meteorological parameters specific to each location examined within this research. This study evaluated how distinct climatic attributes in each region influenced the efficiency of the PV module. The results show that the average daily electrical efficiency is $14.38\%$ $14.38 %$ for Agadir and $13.41\%$ $13.41 %$ for Errachidia. In terms of the environmental aspect, the findings also indicate that PV installations have the potential to decrease annual $CO_{2}$ $C O_{2}$ emissions by approximately 192.94 $kg~CO_{2}/m^{2}$ $k g C O_{2} / m^{2}$ for the Errachidia site and 185.74 $kg~CO_{2}/m^{2}$ $k g C O_{2} / m^{2}$ for the Agadir site. Additionally, the fluctuations in monthly electrical energy in both locations were examined and discussed in this research.