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<p>Pediatric hypertension has emerged as a&#xa0;significant clinical challenge, with rising prevalence driven by increasing obesity rates, reduced physical activity, and improved detection through standardized blood pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Early identification is crucial, as elevated blood pressure in childhood frequently tracks into adulthood and is associated with early vascular and cardiac remodeling, including left ventricular hypertrophy. The 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) consensus emphasizes ambulatory blood pressure monitoring as the reference standard for diagnosis and risk stratification in pediatric hypertension. This article provides a&#xa0;concise overview of current definitions, diagnostic pathways, and evidence-based management strategies for hypertension in children and adolescents. While primary hypertension is now more common in adolescents, secondary causes—particularly chronic kidney disease (CKD)—remain highly relevant. Lifestyle modification is the cornerstone of therapy, while pharmacological treatment is indicated for persistent hypertension, target-organ damage, or stage&#xa0;2 hypertension. In children with CKD, blood pressure management is outlined in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline. Long-term follow-up is essential to prevent adult cardiovascular disease.</p>

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Bluthochdruck bei Kindern

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Gülsen Sever,
  • Martin Köstenberger

摘要

Pediatric hypertension has emerged as a significant clinical challenge, with rising prevalence driven by increasing obesity rates, reduced physical activity, and improved detection through standardized blood pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Early identification is crucial, as elevated blood pressure in childhood frequently tracks into adulthood and is associated with early vascular and cardiac remodeling, including left ventricular hypertrophy. The 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) consensus emphasizes ambulatory blood pressure monitoring as the reference standard for diagnosis and risk stratification in pediatric hypertension. This article provides a concise overview of current definitions, diagnostic pathways, and evidence-based management strategies for hypertension in children and adolescents. While primary hypertension is now more common in adolescents, secondary causes—particularly chronic kidney disease (CKD)—remain highly relevant. Lifestyle modification is the cornerstone of therapy, while pharmacological treatment is indicated for persistent hypertension, target-organ damage, or stage 2 hypertension. In children with CKD, blood pressure management is outlined in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline. Long-term follow-up is essential to prevent adult cardiovascular disease.