Geschlechtsdysphorie in der Adoleszenz
摘要
The clinical management of adolescents with gender incongruence/gender dysphoria remains a subject of ongoing and controversial debate among clinicians. Key aspects include appropriate clinical conceptualization and diagnosis, the classification of co-occurring psychiatric disorders, and the evidence base for guideline-oriented treatment practices. From a child and adolescent psychiatric perspective, this article explores these aspects and emphasizes the need for a developmentally informed exploration of gender-related distress within the context of individual adolescent developmental conditions and the family system. The prevailing gender-affirming care model is then discussed in light of the limited empirical evidence regarding its efficacy and safety in adolescence. The German S2k guideline is discussed with regard to its consensus-based recommendations and the ensuing clinical–ethical burden of justification. Finally, the importance of a nondirective and developmentally informed approach to supporting adolescents and their families is emphasized.