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<p>Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in childhood, but numerous other pathologies can also be the underlying cause. A&#xa0;systematic differentiation of the etiologies is therefore of central importance in order to enable precise diagnosis and ensure effective therapy. The initial classification is often based on the mean erythrocyte volume (MCV), which divides anemia into microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic forms. A&#xa0;further subclassification takes into account the reticulocyte count (hypo- or hyperregeneratoric) and the patient’s iron status. In pediatrics in particular, genetic diseases such as hemoglobinopathies, spherocytosis or rare syndromes such as Diamond–Blackfan anemia are important differential diagnoses. This article is intended to show the variety of forms of anemia and to illustrate how essential a&#xa0;structured diagnostic procedure is to ultimately ensure the correct diagnosis and therapy for those affected.</p>

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Anämie – nicht immer Eisenmangel …

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月8日

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  • Wolfgang Novak,
  • Kaan Boztug,
  • Leo Kager

摘要

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in childhood, but numerous other pathologies can also be the underlying cause. A systematic differentiation of the etiologies is therefore of central importance in order to enable precise diagnosis and ensure effective therapy. The initial classification is often based on the mean erythrocyte volume (MCV), which divides anemia into microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic forms. A further subclassification takes into account the reticulocyte count (hypo- or hyperregeneratoric) and the patient’s iron status. In pediatrics in particular, genetic diseases such as hemoglobinopathies, spherocytosis or rare syndromes such as Diamond–Blackfan anemia are important differential diagnoses. This article is intended to show the variety of forms of anemia and to illustrate how essential a structured diagnostic procedure is to ultimately ensure the correct diagnosis and therapy for those affected.