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<p><i>Euphorbia belagaviensis</i> is a succulent species of the sub-cosmopolitan genus <i>Euphorbia</i> with narrowly restricted distribution in the Belagavi district of Karnataka in India. The morphological characteristics of the species suggest a possible hybrid nature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the putative hybrid origin of the taxon and trace its parental lineages. A molecular phylogenetic approach, based on nuclear ITS and plastid (<i>mat</i>K &amp; <i>ndh</i>F) sequences, was employed in combination with morphological study to test the hypothesis. The polymorphic sites of the biparentally inherited marker (ITS) in <i>E. belagaviensis</i> were additive and in consensus with either of the sympatric putative parental species, <i>E. antiquorum</i> and <i>E. gokakensis</i>. On the other hand, the polymorphic sites in the plastid markers of <i>E. belagaviensis</i> matched the ones in <i>E. gokakensis</i> suggesting it to be the maternal progenitor. <i>Euphorbia belagaviensis</i> was placed with <i>E. antiquorum</i> in the ITS tree, whereas in the plastid tree, it was nested in a clade with <i>E. gokakensis</i>, corroborating its hybrid origin<i>.</i> Morphologically, <i>E. belagaviensis</i> displays a blend of parental, intermediary, and novel characters which is an indication of early generation of hybrids. Moreover, its restricted distribution, likely due to female sterility and the existential dependency on the co-occurrence of the putative parents, further strengthens our hypothesis. Therefore, conclusively, we propose <i>E. belagaviensis</i> to be a nothospecies that emerged as a result of natural hybridization between <i>E. antiquorum</i> and <i>E. gokakensis.</i></p>

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Morphological complexity disguises a natural hybrid of Euphorbia from the sandstone hills of Belagavi, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Oshin Sharma,
  • Nilesh V. Malpure,
  • Milind M. Sardesai

摘要

Euphorbia belagaviensis is a succulent species of the sub-cosmopolitan genus Euphorbia with narrowly restricted distribution in the Belagavi district of Karnataka in India. The morphological characteristics of the species suggest a possible hybrid nature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the putative hybrid origin of the taxon and trace its parental lineages. A molecular phylogenetic approach, based on nuclear ITS and plastid (matK & ndhF) sequences, was employed in combination with morphological study to test the hypothesis. The polymorphic sites of the biparentally inherited marker (ITS) in E. belagaviensis were additive and in consensus with either of the sympatric putative parental species, E. antiquorum and E. gokakensis. On the other hand, the polymorphic sites in the plastid markers of E. belagaviensis matched the ones in E. gokakensis suggesting it to be the maternal progenitor. Euphorbia belagaviensis was placed with E. antiquorum in the ITS tree, whereas in the plastid tree, it was nested in a clade with E. gokakensis, corroborating its hybrid origin. Morphologically, E. belagaviensis displays a blend of parental, intermediary, and novel characters which is an indication of early generation of hybrids. Moreover, its restricted distribution, likely due to female sterility and the existential dependency on the co-occurrence of the putative parents, further strengthens our hypothesis. Therefore, conclusively, we propose E. belagaviensis to be a nothospecies that emerged as a result of natural hybridization between E. antiquorum and E. gokakensis.